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1 - According to Langston Hughes's essay "The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain" (his answer to George Schuyler's essay "Negro Art Hokum"), what is the "mountain" that stands in the way of "any true Negro art in America" ?
It is a widespread "urge toward whiteness" among African Americans.
2 - According to Professor Hammer, Wallace Stevens's understanding of the imagination has most in common with which of the following literary traditions ?
British Romanticism
3 - According to Professor Hammer, which of the following characteristics did Langston Hughes share with modernist poets like William Carlos Williams, Marianne Moore, Hart Crane, and Robert Frost ?
Both A and C
4 - According to Professor Hammer, which of the following is the central question explored by T.S. Eliot in "The Waste Land" ?
How can a shared world be created out of the fundamentally different and private experiences of individual people?
5 - According to the literary critic, Paul Fussell, which of the following was a central trope of English poetry written during the Great War ?
Irony
6 - According to W.E.B. Dubois in his Atlantic Monthly essay, "The Strivings of the Negro People," what are some of the personal consequences for an African- American living in a racist society at the beginning of the 20th century ?
All of the above
7 - Complete the following sentence. Poetic images which idealize war and ascribe spiritual qualities to battle can be found primarily in English poems written_______________?
in the late stages of World War I.
8 - Complete the following sentence. Professor Hammer argues that Ezra Pound's interest in fascism and his anti-Semitic views were likely an outcome of his______________?
anti-capitalism.
9 - Complete the following sentence. Yeats's "Sailing to Byzantium" is a good example of High Modernism, because it_____________?
attempts to create a modernist high culture.
10 - Ezra Pound's "Canto I" opens with the following lines: "And then went down to the ship,/Set keel to breakers, forth on the godly sea, and(…)." Which of the following statements best characterizes these lines and the poem as a whole ?
These lines set an impersonal tone which dominates the entire poem.
11 - Ezra Pound's "Canto XIV" opens with the line "Io venni in luogo d'ogni luce muto" [I came to a place devoid of light]. This creates a connection between the Canto and which of the following works ?
Thomas Mann's "Doctor Faustus"
12 - Ezra Pound's "Cantos" may be called a modernist epic, though its form ultimately defies classification. Pound's poem alludes to which of the following epic poems ?
The Odyssey
13 - Ezra Pound's poem "In a Station of the Metro" reads: "The apparition of these faces in the crowd;/ Petals on a wet, black bough." Which of the following statements best characterizes this poem ?
It plays with the relationship between the social, natural, and supernatural worlds.
14 - Generally speaking, African-American themes were very rare in white modernist poetry. Which of the following white poets attempted to evoke elements of black experience in his or her poems ?
Hart Crane
15 - H.D.'s poem "Oread" reads: "WHIRL up, sea-/Whirl your pointed pines./Splash your great pines/On our rocks./Hurl your green over us-/Cover us with your pools of fir." To which of the following categories does this poem belong ?
Imagist poetry
16 - How can we live in this fear says one./From day to day says another. ?
Fear of global nuclear war
17 - In Amy Lowell's imagist poem, "This Green Bowl," a handmade bowl is compared to a pond in the woods. Can one say that, as in Pound's "Cantos," this poem's dominant tone is impersonal? Why, or why not ?
No, Lowell's poem is not impersonal; it addresses the maker of the bowl directly and speculates about his state of mind.
18 - In analyzing T.S. Eliot's "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock," Professor Hammer argues that Eliot creates something that might be called which of the following ?
Overheard inner speech
19 - In his essay "The Roots of Modernism," Christopher L.C.E. Witcombe defines the modern period in the history of art as the time from roughly 1860 to 1970. How does he say modernism is typically defined ?
Both A and C
20 - In his essay "The Symbolism of Poetry," William Butler Yeats argues that which of the following is the purpose of rhythm ?
To "prolong the moment of contemplation"
21 - In his first lecture onWilliam Butler Yeats, Professor Hammer says that the young Yeats identified with King Goll. What does he mean by this ?
Both A and B
22 - In Paul Laurence Dunbar's "A Cabin Tale," which character is a trickster figure?
Weasel.
23 - In T.S. Eliot's essay called "Tradition and Individual Talent," he argues that the progress of an artist consists of which of the following ?
Continual self-sacrifice, a continual extinction of personality
24 - In the first lecture of his Modern Poetry course, what argument does Professor Langdon Hammer make about the relationship between the modern city and poetic modernism ?
Many languages and many forms of language were used in large cities; modernist poets often treated language not as something given and natural but as a construct which they could manipulate.
25 - In Wallace Stevens's poem "The Man on the Dump," one can say that the trash symbolizes which of the following ?
Old poetry
26 - Langston Hughes was among the most important figures of the Harlem Renaissance. Which of the following is an accurate characterization of his experiences before he published his first book ?
He was born in Missouri and traveled extensively throughout the United States and the world before he moved to New York City.
27 - One of the dominant themes in Wallace Stevens's poem "Sunday Morning" consists of the juxtaposition of nature against which set of cultural symbols ?
Elements of the Christian narrative of salvation
28 - Professor Hammer argues that Hart Crane's poem "Voyages" is a complex reply to which of the following modernist works ?
T.S. Eliot's "The Waste Land
29 - Professor Hammer argues that in a certain sense Wallace Stevens's poetry is always meta-poetry. What does this mean ?
Stevens's poetry investigates its own rules.
30 - Professor Hammer argues that in Hart Crane's poem "Legend," Crane introduces himself to his readers. The poem opens with the lines: "As silent as a mirror is believed/ Realities plunge in silence by …/I am not ready for repentance;" according to Profess
Both B and C
31 - Professor Hammer argues that Marianne Moore's poem "England" suggests which of the following ?
Moore's particular kind of combative American cultural nationalism
32 - Professor Hammer argues that which of the following statements is true of Ezra Pound's strong emphasis on poetic technique ?
It serves the greater aim of conveying both intensity and immediacy in Pound's poetry.
33 - Professor Hammer points out that T.S. Eliot used quotation as an important literary technique. The use of quotations, according to Professor Hammer, suggests which of the following attitudes to the past ?
Paradoxically both B and C
34 - Rupert Brooke's "The Soldier" opens with the following lines: "If I should die, think only this of me:/That there's some corner of a foreign field/That is for ever England." Which of the following statements best describes these lines and Brooke's poem as
These lines and the poem as a whole use both the political concept of a nation and the spiritual concept of eternity to give meaning to soldiers' deaths on the battlefield.
35 - Siegfried Sassoon's "The Dragon and the Undying" includes the following lines: "Yet, though the slain are homeless as the breeze,/Vocal are they, like stormbewilder'd seas." Which of the following literary devices does Sassoon use in these lines and to wh
Simile to suggest a connection between soldiers and nature
36 - The character of Delia in Zora Neale Hurston's "Sweat" was influenced by______________?
Her relationship with a patron.
37 - The first stanza of Countee Cullen's "A Brown Girl Dead" reads: "With two white roses on her breasts,/White candles at head and feet,/Dark Madonna of the grave she rests;/Lord Death has found her sweet." Which of the following statements accurately charac
Both A and B
38 - The importance of Lucy Terry's "Bars Flight" is______________?
The poem is the first-known writing of an African American.
39 - The poem "Dulce et Decorum Est" ends with the following lines: "My friend, you would not tell with such high zest/To children ardent for some desperate glory,/The old Lie; Dulce et Decorum est/ Pro patria mori." Which of the following statements best desc
All of the above
40 - The trickster figure is usually_______________?
Amoral (neither good nor evil)
41 - Violet Cristoforo was honored for collecting what kind of poetry in her anthology "May Sky" ?
Haiku poetry from the Japanese internment camps in the US
42 - What are some of the surface similarities between Robert Frost's poem "Out, Out" and John Greenleaf Whittier's poem "Telling the Bees" ?
All of these answers
43 - What does Gertrude Stein's term "the Lost Generation" designate ?
Both A and B
44 - What is the "double-bind" that African- American women poets encountered in the thirties and forties, according to Anthony Walton's essay ?
Being a subordinated woman in a male dominated culture and a member of a suppressed minority race in the middle of a dominant white culture
45 - What is the central theme of Keith Douglas's "How to Kill" ?
Combat detaches a man from humanity.
46 - What is the most notable characteristic of Ezra Pound's "In a Station at the Metro" ?
The use of metaphor
47 - What is the principal subject of Marianne Moore's poem "An Octopus" ?
Mt. Rainier
48 - What was the primary significance of "The Book of American Negro Poetry" (1922), edited by James Weldon Johnson ?
It inspired Harlem Renaissance writers to establish a tradition of African American poetry.
49 - Which of the following best characterizes T.S. Eliot's concept of the "objective correlative" ?
The objective correlative refers to a set of objects, situations, or events which necessarily produce a particular emotion.
50 - Which of the following best characterizes the contrast between Gertrude Stein's poetry and Imagist poetry ?
Stein experimented with language that skirted the edges of sense, whereas the Imagists sought precision and clarity of expression.
51 - Which of the following best describes the reasons why World War I had a profound impact on modern poetry ?
Both A and B
52 - Which of the following best describes the types of imagery used in Louis Zukofsky's poem, "A: Seventh Movement: There Are Different Techniques" ?
Historic and contemporary imagery
53 - Which of the following best describes theidea of the symbol among French Symbolist poets ?
A symbol is an emblem of the actual world endowed with supernatural meanings.
54 - Which of the following descriptions does NOT pertain to the Imagists ?
Creative reliance on conventional poetic forms
55 - Which of the following descriptors does NOT apply to the features of French Symbolist poetry that influenced other modernist poetry ?
French Symbolist poetry has narrative clarity.
56 - Which of the following does Professor Hammer identify as one of the most important goals of Imagist poetry ?
The privileging of individual detail over the larger pattern
57 - Which of the following events increased the appeal of communism among American intellectuals both black and white in the years between 1918 and 1939 ?
The Great Depression
58 - Which of the following figures is the author of the 1909 "Futurist Manifesto" ?
Filippo Marinetti
59 - Which of the following images in Arthur Rimbaud's poem "Eternity" undermines the idea that eternity is something fixed and permanent ?
The image of the sun reflected on the sea
60 - Which of the following literary devices are present in Langston Hughes's poem "Ku Klux" ?
Irony
61 - Which of the following literary devices is most prominent in Gertrude Stein's poem "New" ?
Assonance and word repetition
62 - Which of the following natural forces "speaks" in the culminating passage of T.S. Eliot's "The Waste Land" ?
Thunder
63 - Which of the following poets did NOTwrite about his experiences in World War II ?
Wilfred Owen
64 - Which of the following poets would most likely be categorized as a late-Victorian poet ?
Alfred Tennyson
65 - Which of the following poets would most likely be categorized as a modernist poet ?
William Carlos Williams
66 - Which of the following poets wrote about World War II ?
Karl Shapiro
67 - Which of the following political themes was explored by American Objectivist poets ?
All of these answers
68 - Which of the following statements accurately characterizes Marianne Moore's poem "A Grave ?"
Both A and C
69 - Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the relationship between Italian Futurism and its historical context ?
All of these answers
70 - Which of the following statements accurately compares Rupert Brooke's "The Soldier" and Siegfried Sassoon's "The Rear Guard" ?
Both poems seek to respond to the harsh political and military realities of their day.
71 - Which of the following statements best characterizes American World War II poems ?
They tend to be narrative and confront the reader with stark wartime realities.
72 - Which of the following statements best characterizes Ezra Pound's poem "Hugh Selwyn Mauberley" ?
It undermines the idea of a single lyrical voice by using diverse cultural symbols and numerous phrases in various languages.
73 - Which of the following statements best characterizes Georgia Douglass Johnson's poem "Black Woman" ?
This poem is a conversation between a black woman and a child who is not yet born.
74 - Which of the following statements best characterizes Langston Hughes's poem "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" ?
It is a meditation on the communal and historical aspects of individual identity.
75 - Which of the following statements best characterizes Langston Hughes's poem "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" ?
Similar to Hart Crane and Whitman, Hughes uses a personal and universal "I" to address issues of history, race, and identity.
76 - Which of the following statements best characterizes Randall Jarrell's 1945 poem "The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner" ?
The poem contrasts the image of a child in its mother's womb with cruel devaluation of human life in wartime.
77 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the central questions faced by poetry after the Holocaust ?
The horror of the Holocaust was inexpressible; how can poetry speak of what is inexpressible?
78 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the contrast between T.S. Eliot's "The Waste Land" and the futurist aesthetic project ?
The Waste Land confronts the fragmentation of modernity by exploring a variety of modes and voices, whereas the futurists do not focus on the fragmentation of modern experience, praising speed and industrial progress instead.
79 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the difference between Futurism and Vorticism ?
Members of both movements were fascinated by speed and dynamism, but unlike the Futurists, Vorticists did not celebrate technology and industrialization.
80 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the difference between World War II poetry and Futurist poetry ?
The Futurists apotheosized technology, whereas World War II poets often focused on technology's destructive powers.
81 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the form of Claude McKay's poem "The Harlem Dancer" ?
It is an English sonnet.
82 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the formal qualities of Langston Hughes's poem "Life is Fine" ?
The use of alternating end rhymes and word repetitions enhance the music of the poem and along with its occasional dissonance give it an improvisational jazz-like quality.
83 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the last two stanzas of Charles Baudelaire's symbolist poem "Correspondences" ?
They ascribe colors and sounds to scents, relying on a device known as synesthesia.
84 - Which of the following statements best characterizes the role played by Gertrude Stein in American modernism ?
Stein was a crucially important figure in the Paris émigré community.
85 - Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between Georgian poetry and English World War I poetry ?
World War I poets like Siegfried Sassoon and Wilfred Owen adapted the Georgian poetic manner to write about modern subjects; most Georgian poets focused on individual experience and avoided writing about the upheavals of modernity.
86 - Which of the following statements best expresses the difference between how visual images functioned in World War I poetry and Imagist poetry ?
The Imagists relied on visual images to achieve clarity of expression, whereas World War I poets relied on visual images to subtly punctuate their often desperate political messages.
87 - Which of the following statements does NOT characterize the poet e. e. cummings ?
A private and self-effacing person
88 - Which of the following traditions was an important influence on Louis Zukofsky's poetry ?
Kabalistic Judaism
89 - Which of the following traditions was particularlyimportant in Hart Crane's modernist poetry ?
American Romanticism
90 - Which of the following was an important influence on Charles Reznikoff's shift away from romantic rhetoric ?
His study of law
91 - Which of the following was NOT a prominent theme of American and English modernist poetry ?
The approval of the norms and values of bourgeois culture
92 - Which of the following writers authored the poem "Dulce et Decorum Est?"
Wilfred Owen
93 - Which of the following writers was among the founders of the Imagist movement ?
Ezra Pound
94 - Which of the following writers wrote about trench warfare during the Great War ?
All of these answers
95 - Why was World War II a defining event in the history of the 20th century ?
All of these answers
96 - Wilfred Owen's "Anthem for Doomed Youth" begins with the following lines: "What passing-bells for these who die as cattle?/ Only the monstrous anger of the guns./ Only the stuttering rifles' rapid rattle/Can patter out their hasty orisons." Which of the f
These lines equate humans with animals, and they anthropomorphize weapons to show a world where there is no place for human values.
97 - WorldWar I drastically changed the political and cultural climate in Europe. Which of the following was NOT among the changes brought about by World War I ?
Successful parliamentary democracies were established throughout the continent and remained stable until the outbreak of World War II in 1939.
98 - Yeats's "Song of Wandering Aengus" ends with the lines: "And pluck till time and times are done/The silver apples of the moon/The golden apples of the sun." Which of the following is NOT a symbolic meaning of the apples ?
They symbolize the coming apocalypse.
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