1 - The union of an egg and a sperm produces ________________?
a zygote
2 - The unlearned, naturally occurring response to theunconditioned stimulus.
unconditioned response
3 - The use of ..... best distinguishes I/O psychology from related fields taught in business colleges:
Psychological principles
4 - The use of animals in research:
Started during ancient times in countries like Greece. The only way they could understand anatomy was through animal dissections as the human body was considered sacred
5 - the use of cryptic coloration and vocal signals that are difficult to localize in order to conceal one's location
Camouflage
6 - the use of feedback about biological conditions to bring involuntary responses, such as blood pressure and relaxation, under voluntary control
biofeedback
7 - The use of general and vague statements that apply to most people is known as:
none of these answers.
8 - The use of heuristics rather than algorithms is most likely to
save time in arriving at solutions to problems.
9 - The use of preexisting knowledge to organize individual features into a unified whole.
top-down processing
10 - The use of single- and double-blind tests helps limit the possibility of a(n) .....
placebo effect
11 - The value of B.F. Skinner's theory of operant conditioning in the classroom is to.....
reinforce or eliminate behaviors
12 - the value that has a higher frequency in a given set of values
mode
13 - The values and behaviors that contribute to the unique social and psychological environment of an organization.
organizational culture
14 - the variable being tested and measured in a scientific experiment
dependent variable
15 - the variable in an experiment that has the potential to negatively impact the relationship between the iv and dv
uncontrolled variables
16 - The variable manipulated by the researcher is the
Independent Variable
17 - the variable that changes when the independent variable is manipulated.
dependent variable
18 - The variable that experimenters manipulate is called the ..... variable.
independent
19 - The variable that I can change?
Independent Variable
20 - The variable that is being measured or impacted by the independent variable is known as the .....
Dependent variable
21 - the variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment to test the effects on the other variable
independent variable
22 - The variable that is manipulated in an experiment to see if it causes a change in the dependent variable
independent variable
23 - The variable that is manipulated or changed in a psychological experiment is known as
Independent variable
24 - The variable that is measured in an experiment
dependent variable
25 - The variable that is measured throughout the experiment is the ..... Hint: It may change as a result of your testing.
Dependent Variable
26 - The variable that researchers maniputlate so that they can determine its effect
independent variable
27 - The variable whose effect is being studied.....
independent variable
28 - the variables move in the same direction. meaning, as one variable increases, so does the other one.
positive correlation
29 - The various vowel sounds that can be placed between a m and an n produce words such as man and men. These various vowel sounds represent different
phonemes.
30 - The various vowel sounds that can be placed between a t and an n produce words such as tan, ten, tin, and ton. These various vowel sounds represent different
phonemes.
31 - The various ways that reinforcers occur after a behavior has been elicited are referred to as
schedules
32 - The vast majority of cells in the body’s information-processing systems are ___________?
interneurons
33 - The vast majority of psychologists study?
everyday behavior and feelings
34 - The vertical axis of a line graph is called the .....
y-axis
35 - The Vestibular sense is the sense that
helps you keep your balance
36 - The video clip of the coach giving a team talk (viewed at the start of last class) is an example of?
-
37 - The view from Lydia's left eye is slightly different from the view of her right eye. This is due to which depth cue?
retinal disparity
38 - The view that "Learning, instead of being reinforced, should be self-rewarding" was expressed by
Bruner
39 - the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
Behaviorism
40 - The view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes was called
behaviorism.
41 - The view that psychology should be objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
Behaviorism
42 - The view that we are born with the ability to perceive the way we do it held by___________?
Nativists
43 - The visual cue that tends to be predominant in the judgment of flavour is
colour
44 - The Visuospatial sketchpad deals with.....
Visual & Spatial information
45 - The visuospatial sketchpad is made up of.....?
Only (A) & (B)
46 - The vocal apparatus for producing speech sounds are useless unless the organism has which area in its brain developed in order to coordinate these movements?
Broca’s area
47 - The voltage levels displayed on the shock generator ranged from .....
15 to 450
48 - The WAIS and WISC are credited for
creating intelligence tests specific to different age groups.
49 - The WAIS like the Stanford-Binet is a/ an test.
Individual
50 - The WAIS was designed for testing ..... intelligence, whereas the WISC was designed for testing ..... intelligence.
adults'; children's
51 - The waiter at Tom's Bistro was slow and rude to a customer. The customer complains to management, saying that his rude personality was unacceptable. What's this an example of?
Internal Attribution
52 - the War of the ghost study was carried out by
Bartlett
53 - the 'War of the Ghosts study' supported the theory that
memory is reconstructed
54 - The way an issue is presented may alter perception.
framing
55 - The way an organism reacts to changes in its internal condition or external environment.
behavior
56 - The way how an idea is represented in the fundamental universal grammar is called?
Deep structure
57 - The way in which a minority view becomes the new norm of the majority is explained by the:
The snowball effect
58 - The way in which a person acts in response to a particular situation.
Behavior
59 - The way in which different parts of a person's identity interact
intersectionality
60 - The way in which one acts or conducts oneself, especially towards others.
Behavior
61 - The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of:
proximity.
62 - The way the minority view becomes the new norm of the majority can be explained by:
The snowball effect
63 - The way to control participant variables
Randomisation
64 - The weakest amount of a stimulus that a person can detect half of the time.
Absolute threshold
65 - The weakest level of a stimulus that can be correctly detected at least 50% of the time.
absolute threshold
66 - The weakness of independent measures design is:
subject variability
67 - The weather is usually a good example of what type of variable?
Extraneous
68 - The Wechsler Adult Intelligence scale consists of
Both verbal and nonverbal items
69 - The Wechsler -Bellevue Intelligence Scale is published; revisions are published in 1955 (WAIS), 1981 (WAIS-R), 1997 (WAIS-III).
1939
70 - The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children is published; revision are published in 1974 (WISC-R) and 1991 (WISC-III).
1949
71 - The Wechsler scales differ from the Stanford-Binet test in that the Wechsler scales
measure verbal and non-verbal abilities
72 - The well-known experiment of John Watson and Rosalie Rayner in which they demonstrated that emotional reactions could be classically conditioned in people.
Little Albert
73 - the whole group you wish to study.
target population
74 - The Whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
Gestalt Therapy
75 - The whole is more than the sum of its parts’ the approach that most associate with this statement is ___________?
Gestalt
76 - The whole is not discovered from analysis of parts in isolation from the whole. The whole is greater than parts
Gestalt
77 - The widespread improvement in intelligence test performance during the past century is called
Flynn effect
78 - The WMM was developed by.....
Baddeley and Hitch
79 - The word "bugs" consist of ____________________?
two morphemes and four phonemes
80 - The word "psychology" comes from :
Greek
81 - The word FADE stands for except
A-Administered
82 - The word Gestalt means
Whole/shape/form
83 - The word meanings and other general knowledge stored in a person’s memory are considered ________________ information?
semantic
84 - The word psychology comes from
Greek
85 - The word PSYCHOLOGY comes from the Greek word "psyche, " which means ALL of the following EXCEPT.....
psychic
86 - The word Psychology was first used by
Rudolf Gockel
87 - The word 'Quasi' means
as if
88 - The word Stanford in the Stanford-Binet test stands for
A University
89 - The work of Harlow, Ainsworth, and Bowlby helped change the operating procedures and approaches to care for which types of facilities?
Orphanages, adoption agencies, child care providers, and social services groups.
90 - The world's first sports psychology laboratory was founded by Carl Diem at the Deutsche Sporthochschule in ....., Germany, in 1920
Berlin
91 - The year 1879 might be thought of as the beginning of psychology as a science because that is the year
Wilhelm Wundt developed and opened the first psychology laboratory.
92 - The Young-Helmholtz Theory proposes that:
There are three different types of color-sensitive cones
93 - The ZPD is between
What the learner can do on their own and what the learner will be able to do on their own
94 - The..... covering brain's central core, includes thalamus, integrates sensory input
forebrain
95 - The..... is the small part of the brain above pons integrates sensory info & relays it upward
midbrain
96 - The___________ is associated with the hypothalamus?
homeostatic regulation
97 - Their research is the basis for operant conditioning.
Thorndike and Skinner
98 - Thematic analysis is another way of converting qualitative to quantitative data
TRUE
99 - theoretical entities, or concepts, that enable one to discuss something that cannot be seen, touched, or measured directly
psychological constructs
100 - Theoretically today many people pull from multiple fields in order to support their comprehensive view of how to treat a client. Which view would probably be used to do this?
Biopsychosocial
101 - Theories stressing the influences of mental processes should be avoided. What perspective believes this?
Behaviorism
102 - Theorized that most people can store 7+/-2 items in their short-term memory
Miller
103 - theory
attempts to explain why things are the way they are and why they happen the way they do
104 - Theory in experimental psychology; the basic elements of consciousness are the major focus (objective sensations and subjective feelings)
Structuralism
105 - Theory of 3 stages of moral development
Lawrence Kohlberg
106 - Theory of 8 (or 9) distinct multiple intelligences
Howard Gardner
107 - Theory of cognitive dissonance is offered by ____________?
Festinger
108 - Theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning?
Behaviorism
109 - Theory that behavior is influenced by the rules and expectations of social groups
sociocultural
110 - theory that group discussion reinforces the majority's point of view and shifts group members' opinions to a more extreme position
group polarization
111 - theory that the retina contains three different color receptors- Red, Green, and Blue
Young Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory
112 - theory that we don't really change our attitudes, but report that we have so that our behaviors appear consistent with them
impression management theory
113 - theory that we seek to evaluate our beliefs, attitudes, and abilities by comparing our reactions with others'
social comparison theory
114 - Therapists who focus on altering faulty thought process are ____________?
Cognitive therapists
115 - There are ..... stages of sleep.
5
116 - There are 15 boys and 25 girls in my class. What is the ration of boys to girls?
0.12847222222
117 - There are 4 types of intelligence. Which best describes Analytical Intelligence?
The ability to solve problems
118 - There are 4 types of intelligence.Which best describes Interpersonal Intelligence?
Being good with other people
119 - There are 4 types of intelligence.Which best describes Practical Intelligence?
The ability to adapt to new things
120 - There are 4 types of intelligence.Which best describes Verbal Intelligence?
Skill in languages
121 - There are critical periods in childhood after which certain things can no longer be learned.
Incorrect
122 - There are different approaches to Psychology or "Schools of Thought". Psychology often calls them 7 Pespectives. Which one of the following is not one of them?
Environmental Perspective
123 - There are five recognized senses in human beings. Two other abilities that may be added to the list include ______________?
balance and kinesthesis
124 - There are three different types of experimental designs. Which of the following is NOT one of the three?
Counterbalancing
125 - There are three safeguards for the supervisor regarding liability. Which of the below is not one of the three?
Continue to work with supervisors and follow their guidelines
126 - THERE ARE TWO SUBSTANCES
Only (A) & (B)
127 - There are two types of data. Which type of data involves descriptions that cannot be counted or measured?
qualitative
128 - There are two types of data. Which type of data involves numbers that are obtained by counting or measuring?
quantitative
129 - there are two types of Hypothesis - the Alternative and the
Null
130 - There are two types of motivation
extrinsic and intrinsic
131 - There is a tendency when trying to remember the words in a list to forget the words ..... most often.
in the middle
132 - There is evidence to support Milgram's agency theory. Tick the correct piece of evidence that supports agency theory.
Only (A) & (B)
133 - There is fundamental tesntion between measurement and ..... - between ..... and specificity.
interpolation, generality
134 - There is no simple, straightforward relationship between happiness and money.
correlation
135 - THERE IS NOTHING IN THE INTELLEC THAT WASN'T PREVIOUSLY INTHE SENSES"
ARISTOTLE
136 - There may be practical issues with research used to support Milgram's Agency Theory. This may mean that theory may be based on invalid research. Tick the statement that highlights practical evidence used to support Milgram's Agency Theory.
Milgram's study has been criticised for having poor external validity. This is because the task of shocking an individual is unrealistic, therefore lacks mundane realism.
137 - There were many ethical concerns from the Little Albert experiment. Which was Not one?
Voluntary Participation
138 - 'There will be a significant negative relationship between the number of pets a person owns and the number of holidays they take in a year.' What sort of hypothesis is this?
One-tailed alternative hypothesis
139 - There will be no relationship between variable X and variable Y. What type of hypothesis is this?
Null hypothesis
140 - There's a saying: "With age comes ....."
wisdom
141 - Theresa feels nervous just walking into the same classroom where she failed physics last year. What is this an example of?
Classical conditioning
142 - These are concepts or frameworks that organize and interpret information.
Schema
143 - These are less concerned with the explanation for personality development and changing personality than they are with describing personality and predicting behavior based on that description.
Trait Theories
144 - These are mentioned on preventing arrogance and selfishness
Only (A) & (B)
145 - These are people who emphasize the importance of both the influences of other people's behavior and of a person's own expectancies on learning. They believe that observational learning, modeling, and other cognitive learning techniques can lead to the for
Social Cognitive Learning Theorists
146 - These are the colors of children's toys, daycare decor, and summer clothes.
All of the above
147 - These are the goals of psychology except
To Learn
148 - These are the people who excel at using their bodies-dancers, athleted, certain acotrs or comedians, and just about anyone who has a talent for movement, whether it comes down to manual dexterity, eye-hand coordination, or complex whole-body endeavors
bodily-kenesthetic intelligence
149 - These are the Tenets of Quantum Learning except
Flexibility
150 - These are the two types of statistics
descriptive and inferential
151 - These colors have shown to increase hunger and impulse purchases.
red, yellow, and green
152 - These connect Sensory and Motor Neurons to each other and are located in the brain and spinal cord
Interneurons
153 - These different parts of society are social structures: relatively stable patterns of social behavior that fulfill certain social functions.
structural functionalism
154 - These experiments were a break way from the .....?..... roots of psychology
philosophical
155 - These folks like words and gravitate toward the rhythm, meter, sound, or meaning of words.
linguistic intelligence
156 - These increase the frequency of behavior
rewards
157 - These look at factors in the environment for an explanation of a person's behavior.
Situational Attributions
158 - These neurons are also known "Monkey see, monkey do" neurons, our brains reflect what we are watching, not just what we are doing
mirror
159 - These parents believe children should make and learn from their own mistakes; they provide few rules.
Permissive
160 - These people are those who know where the car is parked, as relationships in space - like which mall entracnce you came in and which way you went- stick in their brains and make sense.
spatial intelligence
161 - These studies have the advantage of observing behavior in "real life."
field
162 - These tests attempt to predict the test takers future performance.
Aptitude
163 - THESE TWO measures of central tendency is not affected by extremem scores
Only (A) & (B)
164 - These two senses require wavelenghts
Sight & Hearing
165 - These two systems control functions, including movement, communication, and growth, by working with other systems in the body and help maintain homeostasis
Nervous system and Endocrine system
166 - These types of attributions hold the individual responsible for his or her behavior
Dispositional Attributions
167 - These types of studies have the advantage that the situation can be controlled.
laboratory
168 - These use acronyms, phrases, etc. to help retrieve information
mnemonic devices
169 - These variables remain unchanged and include quantities that the scientist wants to remain constant.
Controlled Variable
170 - Theta Waves appear in these stages?
Stage 1 & 2
171 - They are the smallest unit of information that can be judged either true or false, for example that 'the dog is running'..... this is the definition of.....
Propositions
172 - They believe the mind functions by combining objective and subjective elements of experience
Structuralism
173 - They believes studying behavior, the mind and circumstances leads to understanding people
Functionalism
174 - They evaluate and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders.
clinical psychologists
175 - They focus on how effective teaching and learning take place.
Educational psychologists
176 - They focus on traits, attitudes, and goals of the individual.
personality psychologist
177 - They have their own internal world of ideas, Thoughts, behaviour, interest and attitude?
Introvert
178 - They help people adapt to change or make changes in their lifestyle.
counseling psychologist
179 - They live in Boston. ..... address is 34 Charles Street.
Their
180 - They study psychological growth & development throughout the lifespan.
developmental psychologist
181 - They study the higher mental processes and pictures the flow of information in thememory system as progressing through three stages.
Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin
182 - They're from Britain. They're .....
British
183 - thin, light sensitive membrane at back of eye that contains photoreceptor
retina
184 - thing
cosa
185 - Things that are heard are held as a brief ..... in the sensory register.
Echo
186 - Things that can cause anxiety in sport can include.....
All of the options are correct
187 - Thinking about mistakes that already been made is an example of;
an internal distractor
188 - Thinking about one's own thoughts is known as
metacognition
189 - Thinking about thinking is called
metacognition
190 - Thinking and behavior are caused by hormone and neurotransmitter activity in the brain.
Biological
191 - Thinking occurs in the:
Cortex
192 - Thinking someone is angry at you when its actually you who you are angry at is called
Projection
193 - Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions.
critical thinking
194 - Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions; it examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions
critical thinking
195 - Thinking that someone is angry at you when in reality you are angry at yourself is called
projection
196 - Thinking, problem solving, 'executive functioning', happens here.
cerebrum
197 - Thinks abstractlyWonders of the future What ifs?Constructs Hypothesis and tests
Formal Operatinal
198 - Thinks logicallyNumber conversions (weight, mass, length etc.)Categorize ideas in sequence
Concrete Operational
199 - Thirty-one picture cards serve as stimuli for stories and descriptions about relationships or social situations.
TAT
200 - This American psychologist developed a comprehensive theory that suggests learning is controlled by the consequences of an organism's behavior.
F. Skinner
201 - THIS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT TYPE OF PSYCHOLOGY
HUMANISTIC
202 - This ancient Philosopher believed that we obtain our knowledge and habits though observation and experience
Aristotle
203 - This approach assumes our behavior and personality is largely influenced by content in what they refer to as the unconscious
Psychodynamic
204 - This approach believes how we think is how we feel.
Cognitive
205 - This approach believes that we strive for self actualization.
Humanism
206 - This approach emphasizes how humans use mental processes to handle problems or develop personality
Cognitive
207 - This approach emphasizes mental processes and gained analogies for how mental processes work from the invention of the computer and information theory.
Cognitive
208 - This approach focuses on how the environment shapes us.
Social Cultural
209 - This approach focuses on the shaping of the individual through pleasant or unpleasant consequences or stimuli.
Behaviorist
210 - This approach is heavily influenced by the theory of evolution.
Functionalism
211 - This approach is interested in how group memberships will affect one's sense of self.
Sociocultural
212 - This approach is interested in the unconscious and childhood.
Psychoanalytic
213 - This approach is when the researcher is asking the participant about past behavior.
retrospective
214 - This approach looks for environmental factors of behavior.
Behaviorism
215 - This approach looks for genetic reasons for behavior.
Neurobiological
216 - This approach makes much of seeking meaning for one's life and reaching our fullest potential
Humanist
217 - This approach suggests that employees should be treated in a fatherly way as if the organization is a family and they are its dependent members.
Paternalistic approach
218 - This approach tries to break behavior into elements.
Structuralism
219 - This approach tries to understand the behaviors of people from other countries
Social cultural
220 - This approach used by B.F. Skinner studies the effects Negative and Positive reinforcement on behavior.
Operant Conditioning
221 - This approach was created by Sigmund Freud and looks at the connections between our minds and behavior.
Pyschoanalysis
222 - This approach's main theme is that individuals adapt to their environment.
Evolutionary Approach
223 - This area controls breathing, heart-rate, and reflexes
medulla oblongata
224 - This area is closely linked to neuroscience and utilizes tools such as MRI and PET scans to look at brain injury or brain abnormalities.
Biological psychology (biopsychology)
225 - This area of psychology is devoted to studying both similarities and differences in cultures all over the world.
Cross-Cultural Psychology
226 - This area of the brain is responsible for speech production
Broca's Area
227 - This Austrian Psychologist probably the most famous Psychologist of all was the founder of Psychoanalysis.
Sigmund Freud
228 - This Austrian Psychologist was the founder of Psychoanalysis.
Sigmund Freud
229 - This behaviorist is one of the most influential psychologists of the late 20th century. He advocated the idea that behavior is controlled by reward and consequences.
BF Skinner
230 - This behaviorist tested classical conditioning on a baby named Albert.
John B. Watson
231 - This behaviorist would agree that watching violent behavior promotes violent behavior, especially in young children
Albert Bandura
232 - This boy is demonstrating
fine motor use.
233 - This brain area plays a major role in associating complex ideas, making plans, and allocating attention.
The prefrontal cortex
234 - This branch of psychology focuses on Darwinism
evolutionary psychology
235 - This branch of psychology focuses on how people change and grow throughout life
Developmental Psychology
236 - This branch of psychology focuses on the study of animal behaviour to get a deeper understanding of human psychology
Comparative Psychology
237 - This branch of psychology seeks to identify, understand, and treat behavioral, thought, and emotional patterns that are considered abnormal and maladaptive.
Abnormal Psychology
238 - This branch of psychology studies how we process, store, retrieve and use information studies mental processes including how people learn.
Cognitive Approach
239 - This branch of psychology studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.
Developmental Psychology
240 - This category of research has an IV and DV
Experiment
241 - This color attracts the most attention and is used to broadcast important notices and warnings.
Red
242 - This color is seen as reliable, conservative and dependable. It is used specially by financial institutions.
blue
243 - This color represents nature, the environment, and health.
Green
244 - This controls our emotions, movements, thinking, and behavior.
The Nervous System
245 - This course is designed
To explore psychology "thematically"
246 - This course will prepare me to.....
All of the above
247 - This data is normally distributed. What percent of the data is in the shaded region?
0.5
248 - This disorder is formerly known as being a hypochondriac.
Illness Anxiety Disorder
249 - This does not increase the probability of a particular response occurring _________________?
punishment
250 - This early approach to psychology focused on the need to analyze the purpose of behavior rather than the structure of it.
Functionalism
251 - This early approach used introspection to determine the underlying structures of the mind.
Structuralism
252 - This early female psychologist helped develop the 1st insane asylums in America.
Dorethea Dix
253 - This early psychological perspective believes that the mind can be broken up into separate parts?
structuralism
254 - This effect is described as a common psychological phenomenon whereby individuals give high accuracy ratings to descriptions of their personality that supposedly are tailored specifically to them, that are in fact vague and general enough to apply to a wi
Only (A) & (B)
255 - This ethics board, which reviews research proposals prior to the start of any study, must have at least 5 members with varying backgrounds in both scientific and non-scientific areas.
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
256 - This experimenter was interested in researching how far people would go in obeying an instruction if it involved harming another person.
This was Stanley Milgram
257 - This explains observable behaviours and events using a combined set of general principles
Theory
258 - This face is expressing.....
Disgust
259 - This fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion.
random sample
260 - This field integrates the science of psychology with the treatment of complex human problems using Psychodynamic, Cognitive, and Humanistic approaches.
Clinical psychology
261 - This form of psychology includes terms like "grit, " "growth mindset, " and "know your why"
Positive
262 - This founding father of psychology was credited with advancing the ideas of functionalism which was a response to the failings of structuralism.
William James
263 - This founding psychologist was credited with advancing the idea that we used defense mechanisms to protect our conscious mind. (Founder of psychoanalysis)
Sigmund Freud
264 - This French philosopher argued that human sensations and behaviors were based on activity in the nervous system
Rene Descartes
265 - This group was first credited with the use of the longitudinal study.
Functionalists
266 - This holds society together.
Family
267 - This humanistic psychologist developed the heirarchy of needs.
Abraham Maslow
268 - This IDEA principle states that related services must be provided without charge and meet the standard of the state education agency.
free and appropriate public education (FAPE)
269 - This image best represents which rhetorical appeal?
Pathos
270 - This image is an example of what technique:
Mnemonic Devices
271 - THIS IMAGE IS AN EXAMPLE OF WHAT?
INTROPECTION
272 - This image is an example of:
Figure-ground
273 - This image is associated with whom?
Lev Vygotsky
274 - This image represents what grouping principle?
Closure
275 - This image represents:
Ponzo illusion
276 - This individual built the hierarchy of needs that gave perspective to human behavior dependent upon the environment in which they live.
Abraham Maslow
277 - This individual conducted experiments on human behavior that measured the compliance to authority in opposition to normal human values.
Stanley Milgram
278 - This individual studied developmental psychology and conducted experiments using his own children.
Jean Piaget
279 - This individual was responsible for accidentally discovering classical conditioning.
Pavlov
280 - This individual won a nobel prize for his work on the digestive system, but also studied conditioned reflexes in dogs.
Ivan Pavlov
281 - This insulating material forms a layer, around the axon of a neuron. It enables electrical signals to travel down the axon at higher speeds.
myelin sheath
282 - This intelligence means you have great rhythm, a knack for creating, singing or playing melodies.
Musical intelligence
283 - This intelligence refers to finding the right words to express your ideas
linguistic
284 - This is a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study so it can be replicated.
operational definition
285 - this is a ceremonial dress from an Asian country. What is this?
kimono
286 - This is a committee that evaluates animal research proposals to make sure they meet standards
IACUC
287 - This is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth.
case study
288 - This is a descriptive technique of observing and recording behavior in a naturally occurring situation without manipulating the situation.
naturalistic observation
289 - This is a descriptive technique used to obtain the self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group.
survey
290 - This is a factor other than the factor being studied that might influence a study's result (like being hungry in a study on grades)
confounding variable
291 - This is a false positive:
Type I error
292 - This is a good example of sensory adaptation.
Getting used to a cold swimming pool
293 - This is a graphed cluster of dots, each of which represents the value of 2 variables. would be used in a correlational study.
scatterplot
294 - This is a marriage between a PET scan and a MRI machine.
fMRI
295 - This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
Experiments
296 - This is a method of research where the researcher carefully and systematically observes and records behavior without interfering
Naturalistic
297 - This is a method that is neither random nor systematic. An example would be standing in front of the local mall and choosing people to interview on their thoughts about exercise and health. Haphazard sampling is a biased form of sampling and should be avo
Haphazard sampling
298 - This is a person's awareness of everything that is going on at any given moment.
consciousness
299 - This is a person's expectancy of how effective his or her efforts to accomplish a goal will be in any particular circumstance.
Self-Efficacy
300 - This is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all people.
Humanism
301 - This is a representation of the "best" or most typical example of a category.
a prototype
302 - This is a step-by-step procedure that, if followed, will eventually solve a problem
Algorithm
303 - This is a structure in the brain stem involved in, among other things, sleeping, walking, & dreaming.
pons
304 - This is a study in which the same group of individuals surveyed or measured repeatedly over an extended period of time.
longitudinal research
305 - This is a symmetrical spread of frequency data that forms a bell-shaped pattern
Normal distribution
306 - This is a testable prediction, often implied by a theory.
hypothesis
307 - This is a voluntary system that carries sensory information and controls movements of the skeletal muscles.
Somatic Nervous System
308 - This is ALL of the people in a group that are being studied.
population
309 - This is an "in-depth" study of a unique individual or group
Case Study
310 - This is an approach developed in the early twentieth century from the work of Freud, which is applied in therapeutic approaches for children with problems. It views behaviour as the result of tension between aspects of thesubconscious mind (the id, ego an
Psychodynamic
311 - This is an example of a
Negative skew
312 - This is an example of a ..... space
Sociofugal
313 - This is an example of the .....
phi phenomenon
314 - This is an example of what type of monocular depth cue?
Linear perspective
315 - This is an example of what?
Positive Correlation
316 - This is an example of:
Operant conditioning
317 - This is an explanation that predicts behaviors or events using organized observations.
theory
318 - This is anything that can vary and is feasible and ethical to measure.
variable
319 - This is composed of Sensory and Motor Neurons everywhere in the body EXCEPT brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
320 - This is considered as the birth year of cognitive science.
1956
321 - This is defined as an internal state or condition that serves to activate or energize behavior and give it direction
motivation
322 - This is made up of the nerves that run up and down the back.
spinal cord
323 - This is money tat people earn from their job.
secondary reinforcer
324 - This is NOT a class of neuron:
Protection neuron
325 - This is not a function of thyroxine ____________?
skeletal growth
326 - This is not a law of perceptual organization _________________?
simplicity
327 - This is not a part of brainstem?
corpus collosum
328 - This is not an important factor in the acquisition of motor skills ________________?
reflex action
329 - This is not the characteristic attributed to consciousness by William James ___________?
stability
330 - This is not the characteristic of preoperational stage of development __________________?
understanding of conservation
331 - This is not the part of the peripheral nervous system ___________?
limbic system
332 - This is numerical data used to measure and describe characteristics of groups.
descriptive statistics
333 - This is processing that is effortful.
Explicit processing
334 - This is RARE, it involves those patients that have the corpus collosum severed, to help with extreme seizures. The essentially have two brains and the hemispheres do not communicate as normal.
Split Brain Surgery
335 - This is referred to as the conceptual framework used to make sense of the world
Schema
336 - This is required so potential participants can have enough information about a study; enables them to choose whether they wish to particiapte.
informed consent
337 - This is the ability to repeat experimental research due to specific operational definitions.
replication
338 - This is the ability to respond differently to a different stimuli.
discrimination
339 - This is the example of law of .....in perception.
Closure
340 - This is the extent to which 2 factors vary together ex: more tooth brushing = less cavities.
correlation
341 - This is the father of behaviorism. He also conducted the little Albert experiment
Watson
342 - This is the first process of placing information in the memory
encoding
343 - This is the first step in appraising a stressor, which involves estimating the severity of the stressor and classifying it as a threat, a challenge, or a harm or loss that has already occurred.
Primary Appraisal
344 - This is the fourth stage in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Pyramid. Ex. How you view yourself.
Self-Esteem
345 - This is the gap or space between two neurons
Synapse
346 - This is the largest demographic of psychologists.
clinical
347 - This is the last of Piaget's stages, and is when abstract thinking becomes possible. Teenagers not only understand concepts that have no physical reality, but also get deeply involved in hypothetical thinking.
Formal Operations
348 - This is the main function of Myelin sheaths:
To protect your nerve cells.
349 - This is the measure of agreement among observers on how they record and classify a particular event.
inter-rater reliability
350 - This is the memory store that holds small bits of information for relatively brief periods of time.....
Short-term memory
351 - This is the motto of psychology
Know thyself
352 - This is the name for the process of conducting psychological and scientific research
Scientific Method
353 - This is the part of the brain where reasoning, planning, and judgment takes place.
Frontal Lobe
354 - This is the process of focusing on a particular object in the environment for a certain period of time.
Selective attention
355 - This is the process of getting information out of memory storage.
Retrieval
356 - This is the reason why Freud Begins his theory about dreams:
Because he realized how his conscience is released through a dreams
357 - This is the reduction in the number of research participants as some drop out of the study over time.
attrition
358 - This is the result of individuals who believe that no matter what they do, their actions make no difference.
learned helplessness
359 - This is the scientific study of how a person's thoughts, feelings and behavior are influenced by the real, imagined or implied presence of others.
social psychology
360 - This is the scientific study of individual human behavior.
Psychology
361 - This is the scientific term for the explanation of the results of a given experiment
Theory
362 - This is the scientific term for when something is determined to cause or effect another thing
Causation
363 - This is the scientific term for when two things are related to one another.
Correlation
364 - This is the set of individuals selected from a large population that will be used in a study
sample
365 - This is the study of behavior and mental processes.
Psychology
366 - This is the study of learning, memory, language and problem solving.
cognitive psychology
367 - This is the thing that you change during your experiment
Independent variable
368 - This is the type of conditioning that causes an unpleasant event to stop.
escape
369 - This is the type of conditioning that results from unpleasant consequences.
aversive control
370 - This is the well developed set of ideas that propose and explanation for observed phenomena.
theory
371 - This is unlimited and usually lasts about 2-3 seconds
Sensory Memory
372 - This is what you measure during an experiement
Dependent variable
373 - This is when a conditioned response no longer occurs.
extinction
374 - This is when a person copies another person's behavior.
modeling
375 - This is when neither the participants nor the researcher know which group received treatment and which received a placebo.
double-blind
376 - This is when the researcher does not manipulate or control any situation.
Naturalistic Observation
377 - This is when you imagine yourself doing the activity and can simulate the feelings of the activity.For example, bobsleigh driver or a high-jump athlete visualising the whole activity of run-up, jump and landing.
Internal imagery
378 - This is where information is gathered through direct observation or experiment
Empirical methods
379 - This is where participants are misled or wrongly informed about the aims of the research. Which ethical guideline is this?
deception
380 - This is where you add up all scores, the divide by the total number
Mean
381 - This is why you should play one hole of golf against a PGA Tour golfer rather than 9 holes.
regression toward the mean
382 - This kind of neuron is only found in Central Nervious System and transmit information to other neurons.
Interneuron
383 - This layer of the brain is also known as the 'ancient brain'
hindbrain
384 - This leader encourages group members to participate, but retains the final say over the decision-making process.
Democratic
385 - This leader offers little or no guidance and leaves decision- making up to the group.
Open/Laissez-Faire
386 - This leadership style can be effective in situations where group members are highly qualified in an area of expertise.
Open Laissez-Faire
387 - This leading psychologist advanced the concept of operant conditioning (a learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment).
F. Skinner
388 - This leading psychologist is known as the father of classical conditioning which involves learning a new behavior through the process of association.
Ivan Pavlov
389 - This lobe helps process auditory information.
Temporal lobe
390 - This lobe is also known as the motor cortex.
Frontal lobe
391 - This lobe is contains the visual cortex.
Occipital lobe
392 - This lobe is key in processing sensory information.
Parietal lobe
393 - This lobe of the brain is where visual signals are processed.
Occipital
394 - This lobe receives and processes visual information and then sends it to other parts of the brain for further processing and storage.
Occipital Lobe
395 - This man came up with the Social Learning Theory that said personalities are developed through observation and imitation of others' behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions.....
Albert Bandura
396 - This man founded the science of eugenics and argued that the human strain, like livestock, could be improved by selective breeding.
Sir Francis Galton
397 - This man introduced and established the APA.
Hull
398 - This man was concerned that the intelligence test that he developed would be used to label children and limit their opportunities.
Binet
399 - This manifests as dropping out of a sport and quitting an activity that was once enjoyable.
burnout
400 - This measure of central tendency is the most representative (takes into account all the score)
Mean
401 - This memory happens when you hear a song and it takes you back to 3rd grade and you start remembering a series of events
Redintegrative
402 - This memory retrieval technique can be used during multiple-choice tests
Recogniton
403 - This memory retrieval technique can be used in an essay test or fill in the blank responses.
Recall
404 - This method of remembering requires you to visual a place you are familiar with and to place items that you need to remember in that place.
Loci Method
405 - This method of research can only be measured between the values of -1 and 1.
Correlational
406 - This method of research focuses on observing humans without interacting with them
Naturalistic Observation
407 - This method of using classical conditioning to overcome fear involves exposing the subject to a lot of the stimuli that they fear
Flooding
408 - This model of memory says that memory exists in three stages: Encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Information Processing Model
409 - This model of treatment is used when a clinician thinks that mental illness has a biological basis.
Medical Model
410 - This model suggests that scientific advancement can takeplace if you have a theory to explain a phenomenon. For example, physicists have what is called a Big-bang theory to explain how the universe came to be formed.
Hypothetico-deductive model
411 - This modern approach to psychology focuses on how the brain and body enable sensation and emotions.
Biological
412 - This modern approach to psychology is most interested in how we learn to fear certain things and how to change that.
Behavioral
413 - This motivations wherein the tourist can either be as participant or spectator that attracting large segments of the population.
Sports
414 - This multiple choice question, as ell as other multiple-choice questions, makes use of which form of retrieval of memories?
recognition
415 - This nineteenth-century scholar invented nonsense syllables and showed that forgetting often occurs very rapidly.
Hermann Ebbinghaus
416 - This notable Psychologist believed that behavior came from unconscious drives, conflicts and experience that we may not even have a memory of.
Sigmund Freud
417 - This nutrient gives me strong teeth.
Minerals
418 - This occurs when a stimulus activates a receptor
Sensation
419 - This occurs when an experiment involved deception, participants are told complete and truthful information about the experiment at its conclusion.
debriefing
420 - This occurs when behavior differes due to the administration of an inert substance or condition which the recipient assumes is an active agent.
placebo effect
421 - This occurs when people's expectation or beliefs influencing or determining their experience in a given situation
placebo effect
422 - This occurs when you notice that a room just got colder
perception
423 - This operant conditioning technique entails penalizing or forfeiting something of value, to repress and undesirable behavior.
Punishment
424 - This part controls balance and coordination.
cerebellum
425 - This part helps you solve problems and make decisions.
cerebrum
426 - This part of the brain coordinates movement and balance.
Cerebellum
427 - This part of the brain deals with stress and emotions. In very stressful or intense memory can be affected
Amygdala
428 - This part of the brain evolved first
brain stem
429 - This part of the brain is responsible for controlling emotion & fear.
limbic system
430 - This part of the experiment serves as a basis of comparison; the one variable being tested has been omitted.
control group
431 - This part of the limbic system controls aggression and fear.
Amygdala
432 - This part of the report states what the investigation is trying to determine.
Aim
433 - This person believed that intelligence is based on genetics and is passed on by parents to their children.
William James
434 - This person designed the Intelligence Tests:
Alfred Binet
435 - This person father of psychology in the United States taught the first psychology class at Harvard in 1875.
William James
436 - THIS PERSON FELT THAT THE UNCONSCIOUS MIND AND EARLY CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE REVEAL THE TRUE PERSON?
FREUD
437 - This person founded behaviourism
watson
438 - This person introduced the concept of using reinforcement to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated.
F. Skinner
439 - This person introduced the concept of using reinforcement to increase the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated. It applied to pigeons, rats and humans in casinos.
F. Skinner
440 - This person investigated, with his wife, the negative effect of school segregation on African American Children
Kenneth Clark
441 - This person mentored both Binet and Freud:
Jean-Martin Charcot
442 - This person started the first lab for the study of psychology establishing modern psychology as a separate formal field of study.
Wilhelm Wundt
443 - This person studied attachment ininfants using the strangersituation model, which labeled infants as secure, and insecure inattachment
Mary Ainsworth
444 - This person studied memory retention by stringing together nonsensical syllables and memorizing them.
Ebbinghaus
445 - This person studied the effects of misinformation and false memories
Loftus
446 - This person was a major figure in the concept of Eugenics:
Charles Davenport
447 - This person was a major figure in the Functionalist school of Psychology:
William James
448 - This person was a major figure in the Structuralist school of Psychology:
Wilhelm Wundt
449 - This personality type tries to meet the desires of the id in a way that is socially acceptable in the world. It deals with the reality.
Ego
450 - This perspective compares the mind to a computer.
Cognitive
451 - This perspective focuses on free will and the human potential for growth.
humanism
452 - This perspective focuses on how our behavior is affected by our genes and environment by combining biology and behaviorism.
Behavior Genetics
453 - This perspective focuses on problem-solving, memory, and language development.
Cognitive
454 - This perspective is a more modern version of the Humanistic Perspective.
Positive Psychology
455 - This perspective is also known as the biological perspective.
Neuroscience
456 - This perspective recommends shifting the focus of psychology to strengths, well-being and the pursuit of happiness.
positive
457 - This perspective says that behavior has an adaptive or survival value.
evolutionary
458 - This phase of memory can be thought of like a post-it note, reminding you to do things at a future date/time.....
Prospective memory
459 - This phase of the sleep cycle results in increased breathing and heart rate, and is also the stage where dreams occur:
REM Stage 5
460 - This philosopher believed that at birth the human mind is "tabula rasa"?
Locke
461 - This Philosopher believed that we were all born as "blank slates" and can be molded by our environment and education
John Locke
462 - This picture best illustrates which monocular depth cue?
linear perspective
463 - This picture is an example of using
Law of Closure
464 - This powerful research tool is an intensive study of a person or group which combines long-term observations with diaries, tests, and interviews:
Case Study
465 - This principle of IDEA creates a presumption in favor of educating students with disabilities with those who do not have disabilities unless the student cannot benefit from being educated with students who do not have disabilities.
least restrictive environment (LRE)
466 - This process increases the chances of a preceding behavior occurring again
Reinforcement
467 - This professor, influenced significantly by both behavioral psychology and social cognitive theory, developed his own social learning theory.
Albert Bandura
468 - This provides a short summary of the study/research
Abstract
469 - This provides background information on theories and studies relevant to the investigation
Introduction
470 - This psychological approach believes that behavior and mental processes are shaped by the nervous system: brain, hormones, genes.
Biological
471 - This psychological approach believes that behavior comes from unconscious drives, usually stemming from childhood.
Psychodynamic
472 - This psychological approach emphasizes individual potential for growth and stresses individual choice and free will.
Humanist
473 - This psychological approach emphasizes learning, especially each person's experience with rewards and punishments.
Behavioral
474 - This psychological approach emphasizes the ways in which people receive, store, retrieve, and process information.
Cognitive
475 - This psychological approach focuses on how culture influences the way we think and act.
Socio-Cultural
476 - This psychological approach looks at the connections between our unconscious thoughts and our behavior. Sigmund Freud is the key psychologist who developed this theory.
Psychoanalysis
477 - This psychological perspective evolved from the humanistic approach. It is empirically based and focuses on optimal human functioning and the factors that allow individuals to thrive?
Positive Psychology
478 - This psychological researcher believed that the scientific method should be used to study sensation and perception. He created the first psychological laboratory so that he was able to continue his studies. Who was he:
Wilhelm Wundt
479 - This psychologist believed human behavior is the result of the interactions among three component parts of the mind: the id, ego, and superego.
Freud
480 - This psychologist changed the face of psychology by proposing a theory of personality that emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind
Sigmund Freud
481 - This psychologist created the theory of structuralism which focuses on the structures of the brain.
Edward Thichner
482 - This psychologist discovered classical conditioning by conducting an experiment with dogs, thus proposed that behaviors could be learned via conditioned associations
Ivan Pavlov
483 - This psychologist helped a child (Peter) overcome his phobia of rabbits:
Mary Cover-Jones
484 - This psychologist is known as a humanist and his contribution to psych. is the hierarchy of needs pyramid.
Abraham Maslow
485 - This psychologist is most closely associated with Operant Conditioning.
Skinner
486 - This psychologist is most famously known for his theory of cognitive development that looked at how children develop intellectually throughout the course of childhood
Jean Piaget
487 - This psychologist is one of the most prominent memory researchers of all time.
Elizabeth Loftus
488 - This psychologist is responsible for the theory of Operant Conditioning. He tested his theory on Rats.
F Skinner
489 - This Psychologist looked at study participants in their willingness to obey an authority figure who instructed them to perform acts conflicting with their personal conscience. I.E. chair with electrodes inflicting electric shock
Stanley Milgram
490 - This psychologist proved animals, such as monkeys, can solve problems with insights.
Wolfgang Kohler
491 - this psychologist ran a study with children and modeled behavior using a bobo-doll.
Albert Bandura
492 - This psychologist was the first woman to become the President of the APA:
Mary Calkins
493 - This psycologist created the Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Howard Gardner
494 - This refers to how likely it is that the obtained result occurred by chance.
statistical significance
495 - This refers to the method of gaining enough participants that represent various backgrounds of people, allowing researchers to generalize results to the larger population:
Random sampling
496 - This refers to the process of thinking. It is the identification of knowledge, of understanding it and perceiving it.
Cognition
497 - This refers to the shift in psychology from the behaviorist's focus on stimulus-responserelationships to an approach whose main thrust was to understand the operation of themind.
Cognitive Revolution
498 - This reflex is characterized by lightly scratching a baby's foot and the baby responding by flaring the tows and pushing toward the scratch.
Babinski Reflex
499 - This region of the brain is known as the main control center for the autonomic nervous system and endocrine system.
hypothalamus
500 - This regulates the sleep/wake cycle
circadian rhythm
501 - This releases neurotransmitters which are sent into the synaptic cleft for receptors on the dendrite to taste
axon terminal
502 - This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing underlying reasons in behaviour.
Case Study
503 - This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
Case Study
504 - This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other
Correlational
505 - This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self - reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
Survey
506 - This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self -reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, often by questioning a representative sample of the group.
Survey
507 - This researcher is responsible for discovering classical conditioning.
Pavlov
508 - This school of psychology brings repressed fears and conflicts into the conscious mind.
psychoanalysis
509 - This serves as the basis for comparison and controls for chance factors that might influence the results of a study.
control group
510 - This shows how much scores vary around the mean score.
standard deviation
511 - This shows the set-up for which experiment?
Milgram 1963
512 - This situation is a good example of which defense mechanism? "It's OK to post hurtful comments online because everyone does it."
Rationalization
513 - This stage is the first of Piaget's stages, and concerns infants from birth to age 2. In this stage, infants use their senses and motor abilities to learn about the world around them.
Sensorimotor Stage
514 - This stage of Piagetian development is characteristized by the ability to carry out abstract reasoning.
Formal operations
515 - This stage, according to Piaget, is a time of developing language and concepts.
Preoperational Stage
516 - This states that the increase of time means the decrease in retention of information.
decay
517 - This structure allows the left and right hemisphere of the brain to communicate.
corpus callosum
518 - This structure helps pass information between the two hemispheres of the brain.
corpus callosum
519 - This structure is the opening to the taste bud and funnels taste chemicals toward the gustatory receptor cells.
taste pore
520 - This structure physically conducts vibration from the ear drum to the cochlea's oval window.
stirrup
521 - This student has a good ability to notice certain sounds. Which intelligence is this?
Musical
522 - This study had high levels of ..... which increases the ..... - Yamamoto
Control; reliability
523 - This study of psychology focuses on the interaction between brain and physical function in the body.
Psychobiology
524 - This study provided evidence that infants seek their parents for emotional support and care, not just for biological nourishment.
Harlow (1953)
525 - This study stated by having infants listen to classical music, one could raise the child's IQ Score. This study could never be replicated and is considered false.
Mozart Effect
526 - This subfield of psychology focuses on how we view and affect one another. They study such topics as obedience, conformity, and crowd behavior.
Social psychologists
527 - This symbol represents which field?
Psychology
528 - This system controls the balance of the body.
Vestibular System
529 - This term describes severe memory loss caused by injury to the brain.
Amnesia
530 - This term is a limited capacity store and preserves unrehearsed information for about 15-30 sec.
Short-Term Memory
531 - This term refers to the scientific study of the mind, brain, and behavior.
psychological science
532 - This test has also been useful to show the difference between the performance of intact individual from those with evidence of cerebral disease, dementia, and schizophrenia.
Benton
533 - This test is also used to evaluate the effect of treatment, surgery, or time on visuospatial ability.
Benton
534 - This test is designed to measure emotions, motivations, attitudes, and the ability to relate to others.
personality
535 - This test is designed to uncover emotional problems and tendencies toward neurotic or psychotic behavior.
clinical personality test
536 - This test is easy and I'm going to pass it with flying colors?
TRUE
537 - This test provides a complete profile of aptitudes in as many as nine different areas.
Multiple aptitude batteries
538 - This theorist came up with the idea of operant conditioning (rewards and punishments)
Skinner
539 - This theorist is criticized for believing in multiple intelligences that may just be talents.
Gardner
540 - This theory consists of six components that are involved in a positive attitude towards oneself: growth, development, and self-actualization, integration, autonomy, accurate perception of reality, and environmental mastery.
Jahoda's Theory of Positive Mental Health
541 - This theory of psychology believes that we can reinvent ourselves and all have the potential to start over again.
humanist
542 - This theory of psychology does not recognize free will when it comes to making decisions and believe we are mechanically constrolled by our environment.
behaviorist
543 - This theory states that we can lessen some pains by shifting our attention away from pain impulses.
Gate-Control Theory
544 - This theory states that we sleep for our physical health.
restorative
545 - This theory suggests that organisms can be trained to associate a stimulus with a given response. (think pavlov's dogs, baby albert, and Dwight from the office)
Classical conditioning
546 - This theory suggests that organisms can be trained to behave a certain way through reinforcements and punishments (think Sheldon and Penny from the Big Bang Theory)
Operant conditioning
547 - This time, Teddy notices the difference between the ankle brace and black socks, therefore, he does not react to it. What is this an example of?
Discrimination
548 - This travel motivations provides the means of ego or self-enhancement.
Status and prestige
549 - This type of amnesia people forget the period leading up to a traumatic event.
Retrograde
550 - This type of conditioning is from learning from the consequence of behavior
operant
551 - This type of forgetting is when you are trying to remember your current math teacher's name, but all you can remember is your previous math teacher's name.
Proactive interference
552 - This type of forgetting is when you can't remember someone's name but you can remember all the things you've done with them.
Tip-of-the-tongue
553 - This type of graph is used when the data are in separate categories rather than on a continues scale
Bar Chart
554 - This type of learning focuses on how information is obtained, processed, and organized.
cognitive
555 - This type of memory aid (recommended by teachers) calls for studying in several short sessions.
distributed practice
556 - This type of memory includes memories of concepts, context, and meaning.
semantic
557 - This type of memory is unlimited and can last a lifetime
Long term memory
558 - This type of psychologist looks at the connections between neurological systems and behavior. They may diagnose and treat central nervous system disorders, like Alheizmers.
Neuropsychologist
559 - This type of psychologist would focus on how information is learned and remembered.
Cognitive
560 - This type of psychologists believe that our behavior is self-directed and not easily explained. For instance, people often participate in risky behaviors for no reason except the adrenaline rush.
humanistic
561 - This type of research is characterized by a "random" allocation of participants
Experiment
562 - This type of standardized test compares a person's performance to a pre-defined set of standards and is designed to determine if a person has achieved specific skills or mastered certain knowledge (ex: AP exams)
Criterion-referenced test
563 - This type of stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus after training
neutral
564 - This type of test measures the chances of success in learning a new body of knowledge or a new skill- it looks forward.
aptitude test
565 - This variable in an experiment is the one being deliberately changed by the scientist.
independent variable
566 - This very famous psychologist emphasized the influence of unconscious thoughts on people's behaviors.
Sigmund Freud
567 - This was developed by Edward Tichener, was the first school for organizing psychological thought and focused on the internal components of the brain and body; involved introspection.
Structuralism
568 - This works to conserve energy and to enhance the body's ability to recover from strenuous activity such as at the end of a competition you were in.
Parasympathetic NS
569 - This would include basic social needs such as love and acceptance.
psychological needs
570 - This/These variable(s) are most often identified as influences on human behavior.
Both the environment & genetics
571 - Thorndike is remembered for his contribution to
trial and error
572 - Thorndike’s "Law of Effect" was an early form of the present day principle of _____________?
Reinforcement
573 - Thorndike's law of effect is most closely associated with which operant conditioning principle?
negative reinforcement
574 - Those items that are most likely to be forgotten are those ___________________?
in the middle of a long list
575 - those that are clearly stated by the referral source
Explicit
576 - those that the assessor tries to discover, as he/she considers all the aspects of the case
Implicit
577 - Those who feel loved and appreciated by their spouse perceive less threat in stressful marital interactions. This best illustrates that perceptions are influenced by
emotion
578 - Those who score above average on tests of mathematical aptitude are also likely to score above average on tests of verbal aptitude. According to Spearman, this best illustrates the importance of
the g factor.
579 - Those with a high internal locus of control are likely to resist social influence than high externals because:
They tend to be more self-confident and take personal responsibility
580 - thought is limited to the available facts, usually narrowing down your options - more analytic
convergent thinking
581 - Thought process is the main component of _________ perspective?
Cognitive Perspective
582 - Thoughts and behaviors outside of what is expected is known as ..... psychology
abnormal
583 - Thoughts are not observable; focus is on the people's behavior
Behaviorism
584 - Three Greek philosophers who tackled a key issue in psychology are as follows EXCEPT:
Michelangelo
585 - Three key elements of the scientific attitude are
curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
586 - Three people were involved in Milgram's procedure. They were:
Experimenter, teacher, learner
587 - Three redwood trees are kept at different humidity levels inside a greenhouse for 12 weeks. One tree is left outside in normal conditions. The heights of the trees are measured once a week. (What's the Independent Variable?)
Humidity level.
588 - Three redwood trees are kept at different humidity levels inside a greenhouse for 12 weeks. One tree is left outside in normal conditions. The heights of the trees are measured once a week.(What's the Control Group?)
The tree left outside.
589 - Three steps that are basic to all sensory systems include the ..... of information to the brain.
receiving, transforming, and delivering
590 - Three types of conformity are mentioned in the Social Influence Section of the course guide these are internalisation, identification and which other
Compliance
591 - Thresholds are defined as the limits of one's perceptions. There are different types of thresholds for perceiving stimuli. Which of the following is the absolute threshold?
The least amount of information that's necessary to understand a stimulus is actually present
592 - Through operant conditioning, people learn to control
Voluntary responses.
593 - Through operant conditioning, people learn to control which of the following?
Voluntary responses
594 - Through what process is information maintained in working memory?
activity thinking about it or rehearsing it
595 - Through which of the following methods, desirable channels are provided for the release of emotional energy?
Catharsis
596 - Thus is when you can picture yourself from outside your body, like watching yourself on film.For example, a trampolinist may imagine watching themselves before they perform their routine.
External imagery
597 - Tick all correct statements
All of the above
598 - Tick all evaluation points that apply to the cognitive interview
All of the above
599 - Tick all of the statements below that are true for a 'field experiment'
All of the above
600 - Tick all of the statements below that are true for a 'laboratory experiment'
Only (A) & (B)
601 - Tick all of the statements below that are true for a 'natural experiment'
All of the above
602 - Tick all of the techniques that are part of a cognitive interview:
All of the above
603 - Tick all that apply to LTM.
All of the above
604 - Tick all that apply to the sensory register.
All of the above
605 - Tick all that apply to the STM
All of the above
606 - Tick all that store auditory information.
All of the above
607 - Tick all that store visual information.
All of the above
608 - Tick all the boxes that apply to :The Amygdala
Only (A) & (B)
609 - Tick all the boxes that apply to :The Cerebellum
All of the above
610 - Tick ALL the following types of experimental design which DO NOT provide order effects:
Only (A) & (B)
611 - Tick all those behaviours that are instinctive
Only (A) & (B)
612 - Tick as many as you think appropriate. A complex skill involves.....
All of the above
613 - TICK MARK THE CONSTRUCTIVISM PROPERTIES ACCORDING TO VYGOTSKY
Only (A) & (B)
614 - Tick the boxes which relate to 'types of guidance'
Only (A) & (B)
615 - Tick the example of positive emotion.
Happiness
616 - Tick those that are correctly matched when it comes to research methods:
Only (A) & (B)
617 - Tick those that are in Hofstede's criteria of dimensionalising culture:
All of the above
618 - Tightly organized set of facts about a specific concept or phenomenon
Schema
619 - Tim believes that because he is indigenous, he will be like the common stereoytpe, that is he will be poor, violent and uneducated. Because of this belief, he acts in a way that makes him uneducated, poor and violent. This is known as a
Self-fulfilling prophecy
620 - Tim is having difficulty processing anything hot when he touches something, which lobe is not functioning properly?
Parietal Lobe
621 - Time and concrete materials, science kits, games like chess, brainteasers, and computers
Logical Mathematical
622 - time-consuming
Only (A) & (B)
623 - 'Time-stamped and needs to be consciously searched' is a description of which type of long-term memory?
Episodic memory
624 - timing of reinforcement for correct responses
schedule of reiforcement
625 - Timmy has learned his lesson and his mother gives him his toys back. This is an example of
Positive Reinforcement
626 - Timmy is behaving badly. His mother spanks him every time he does this. This is an example of
Positive Punishment
627 - Tina wears skirts and dresses because that is the norm in the society where she lives.
socio-cultural
628 - Tiny sacs containing neurotransmitters are called
vesicles
629 - Tiny space across which one neuron regularly communicates with another
Synapse
630 - Tip of my tongue phenomena is explained by.....
Retrieval Failure Theory
631 - Titchener believed that psychology should study the basic elements of conscious experience and belonged to which school of thought?
Structuralism
632 - TJ has seen that many peoples are earning fame and money as "influencers" on social media and TJ wants to follow this trend and be an "insta influencer" herself. Which level of explanation does this scenario most relate to?
Socio-cultural
633 - To a dog, ..... is an example of a primary reinforcer, whereas ..... is an example of a secondary reinforcer.
dog food; a Frisbee
634 - To accurately predict an outcome, it is necessary for researchers to study a group that represents the .....
target population
635 - To add a stimulus to decrease an undesired behavior is called .....
Positive punishment
636 - To assume that someone will tend to display a trait with regularity is to assume that the person has a(n)
average tendency
637 - To attribute human thoughts and feelings to animals is called the?
Anthropomorphic Fallacy
638 - To be classified as a group, a collection of people must be
interdependent
639 - To be considered statistically significant the researchers must be ..... % certain that the results did not occur by chance or luck.
95
640 - To conduct a valid study of a large population, you should use a(n)
Representative sample.
641 - To consciously decide to do something in order to bring about happiness refers to which of the following intentional activities?
Volitional
642 - To control demand characteristics researched can:
All of the above
643 - To criticize; to diminish
belittle
644 - to deal with
cope
645 - To differentiate between someone saying "cat" or "cap" one must pay attention to the different sounds of the last letter, also known as
Phoneme
646 - To ensure a representative population for a survey, one would have to use.
Random sampling
647 - To ensure a representative sample and validity, participants should be collected for a study using ..... and divided into groups using .....
random sampling; random allocation
648 - To ensure that a clinical psychologist is competent in conducting therapy, states require:
that they pass tests that demonstrate knowledge and skill in their field.
649 - To ensure that groups are similar, on average, groups must be assigned
randomly
650 - To establish reliability a study must show
Consistency
651 - 'To find out if food deprivation affects the perception of food' is the aim of which study?
Gilchrist and Nesberg
652 - To find Tabasco sauce in a large grocery store, you could systematically search every shelf in every store aisle. This best illustrates problem solving by means of:
an algorithm.
653 - To find the ..... you add up all the numbers and then divide by how many numbers you have.
Mean
654 - To find the ..... you put all numbers in order from least to greatest and find the number that is in the middle.
Median
655 - To find the ..... you put all numbers in order from least to greatest and then take the largest number minus the smallest number.
Range
656 - To gain accurate eyewitness testimony from children, interviewers must
use neutral words that children can understand.
657 - To help him remember the order of ingredients in difficult recipes, master chef Zakir often associates them with the route he walks to work each day. Zakir is using which mnemonic technique?
the method of Loci
658 - To help in the ZPD the teacher must use
scaffolding
659 - To help remember the names of her students, Mrs. Boisen looks at her "school picture" seating chart. What type of memory improvement is being used?
Imagery/Visualization
660 - To improve validity, researchers must aim to minimize .....
extraneous variables
661 - To Jung, the two basic attitudes are :
introversion and extraversion
662 - To look inward at you own thoughts and feelings is the theory of?
Introspection
663 - To make use of previously learned material in new situation is
Application
664 - To maximize learning, if you studied for a test while taking a Redbull, then .....
you would need to take the test with a Redbull
665 - To minimise bias, the sample should be chosen by random sampling from a list of all individuals in the relevant population
TRUE
666 - To minimize participants variables in independent design, researchers can .....
randomly allocate participants
667 - To play basketball, several response chains are organized into
response patterns
668 - To predict the outcome of a national election, what group should be surveyed?
a random sample of voters
669 - To reach your full potential in Humanism is called?
Self-Actualization
670 - To recognize the active information processing that occurs in short-term memory, researchers have characterized it as ..... memory.
working
671 - To reduce interviewer bias, interview schedules should be:
Standardised
672 - to remember info most effectively for an exam the best place to revise the info needed would be
in the exam hall where the exam will be taking place
673 - To remember the information presented in your psychology textbook, you often relate it to your own life experiences. Your strategy is an effective memory aid because it facilitates
Semantic encoding
674 - To say something is "systematic" means that.....
the same steps are followed in the same order
675 - To say that ‘psychology is a science’ means that ____________?
psychologists approach the study of thoughts and actions
676 - To stop yourself from doing risky behavior you should
Do a gut check by pausing, taking a deep breath, and see if your stomach or chest tighten up. this is a clear no.
677 - To store information in long-term memory, one should use __________________?
elaborative rehearsal
678 - To study her terms for Anatomy, Shania makes flash cards the first day of a chapter. She then studies them for 20 minutes each day. Shania is using .....memory processing.
effortful
679 - To study the effects of a damaged patients brain the best research method would be?
Case study
680 - To test how sleep impacts problem solving, subjects are allowed to sleep either 4 or 8 hours
Experiment
681 - To understand the intelligence, scientific ap-proaches started around
Hundred years back
682 - Today psychology is best defined as the science of
behavior and mental processes
683 - Today, psychology is a discipline that ___________?
connects with a diversity of other fields
684 - Today's operational goals should be derived from ..... goals
larger
685 - Today's popular version of the IQ test has levels for different ages and several sub-tests to assess different strengths and weaknesses
Wechsler Intelligence Scales
686 - Today's teens are more likely to suffer from
presbycusis
687 - Together, the brain and spinal cord make up which nervous system?
Central Nervous System
688 - Token Economies are most popular in
Only (A) & (B)
689 - Tony, a young boy, wants to pet a friend's dog, but he is afraid that the dog will bite him. This is a(n) ..... conflict.
approach-avoidance
690 - too little of this is associated with Alzheimer's
dopamine
691 - Top down processing refers to
refers to the use of contextual information in pattern recognition.
692 - Topics in applied psychology:
All of the above
693 - total from which a sample is drawn
population
694 - tough membrane surrounding eyeball, transparent over pupil area ("sclera" where opaque)
cornea
695 - Training a child to quit sucking their thumb by placing a sour tasting substance on their thumb is using
avoidance conditioning
696 - Training can consist of all of the following except
lunchtime yoga
697 - Training of an organism to remove or terminate an unpleasant stimulus
escape conditioning
698 - Training of an organism to respond so as to prevent the occurrence of an unpleasant stimulus
Avoidance Conditioning
699 - Training of an organism to withdraw from an unpleasant stimulus before it starts
avoidance conditioning
700 - Trait Theories
Focus on identifying, measuring, and classifying similarities and differences in personality characteristics or traits.
701 - Traits and characteristics that are passed down from one generation to the next.
heredity
702 - Traits that helped your ancestors survive centuries ago have been been passed on to you.
Evolutionary
703 - Transactional leadership is characterized by
Only (A) & (B)
704 - Transducers of the auditory system:
hair cells of the cochlea
705 - Transducers of the gustatory system:
clusters of taste receptors in the taste buds
706 - Transducers of the olfactory system:
bipolar olfactory receptor
707 - Transducers of the vestibular system:
vestibular hair cells of the semicircular canals
708 - Transduction occurs as chemical molecules (stimulus) bind to olfactory or taste receptors, transduction occurs and the information is transmitted via cranial nerves (sensation) to the frontal lobe (smell) and insula (taste) of the brain where perception i
Only (A) & (B)
709 - Transfer of good feelings about one characteristic of a product or service to other characteristics.
Halo Effect
710 - Transference
Can be utilized by the therapist to help client
711 - Transformational theory states that people follow people who lead with
All of them
712 - Transforming incoming information into a usable form is the stage of memory called
encoding
713 - Transitional stage of sleep
Stage 3
714 - Translation of information into a form in which it can be used
Encoding
715 - translation of information into a form to be stored and recovered
Encoding
716 - Transmission in vision involves the use of the:
optic nerve
717 - Transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.
heredity
718 - Transmit messages away from cell body to other neurons
Axon
719 - Trauma has effects on which brain region
Hippocampus
720 - Travelling west is "best" for minimising jet lag because
it makes the day longer, which we are better at adapting to
721 - Treat mental illness with medication.
Biological approach
722 - Treatment follows on the basis of the hypothesis is developed and inferences drawn from the comprehensive .....
Diagnosis
723 - Treatment plan is universal for all cases of the same psychological problem.
FALSE
724 - Treatment resembling medical therapy but having no medical effects
placebo
725 - Trephination was a procedure where a hole was made in the skull of a living person to relieve headaches, epilepsy and other physical and mental symptoms during:
only prehistoric times
726 - Triarchic theory of intelligence (analytic, practical, creative)
Sternberg
727 - Trick or treating is an example of
Fixed Ratio
728 - Trisha is being studied by a psychologist who is trying to determine if her asthma (and anxiety which is caused by her asthma) is the result of being raised in an urban environment with a lot of air pollution. Trisha's psychologist is most likely a.....
Environmental psychologist
729 - Tristan tries to understand his world through his senses only, and explains how something makes him feel rather than attempting to record data. He most likely would agree with what school of thought?
structuralism
730 - True or False: Natural observations only happen in the wild?
FALSE
731 - True or False: Paper One questions are identical for SL & HL.
False - at least one essay question for HL is on extensions
732 - True or False: The grip of sanity is lessened when the pea of the mind has resolved to swim in margarine, not butter.
huh?
733 - True or False: The most important feature of naturalistic observation is that researchers do not disturb the participants or their environment?
TRUE
734 - trying to learn something all at once
Massed Learning
735 - Trying to remember information by making information meaningful to you is which encoding process?
self reference encoding
736 - Trying to see a hidden representational image in a piece of abstract art by looking carefully at each element in the picture and trying to form an image employs which kind of perceptual process?
bottom-up processing
737 - Tthe extent to which repeated administration of the same test will achieve similar results:
Test-retest reliability
738 - Turley and Milliman(2000) grouped the atmospheric variables in a retail store into five categories. Which among the following are not a variable that they identified?
Entertainment Variables
739 - Twenty volunteers are shown a movie about a party. After viewing, participants are asked to rate their reactions to the movie using a scale from 1 to 7. In this example, what would be the data?
The ratings
740 - Two "classes" according to Marx?
proletariat and bourgeoisie
741 - Two bursts of brain myelination occur
shortly after birth and during adolescence
742 - Two historical roots of psychology are ____________?
philosophy and physiology
743 - Two individuals who developed from one zygote are known as _________________?
b and c
744 - Two key features of formal operational stage (11+) are:
Abstract and logical thinking
745 - Two kinds of change that occur to the cell body of a neuron during an action potential are ___________?
electrical and chemical
746 - Two neighborhoods were frequently at odds with each other until a tornado struck the area and they had to work together to clean up and rebuild. This is an example of.....
superordinate goals
747 - Two of the main techniques of the CI are based on
Tulving's encoding specificity principle
748 - Two of the main techniques of the cognitive interview are:
Change perspective and reinstate the context
749 - Two or more things are paired together in time and/or space.
associative learning
750 - Two research methods widely used by psychologists are
surveys and experiments
751 - two researchers could see the same behavior but draw different conclusions
Naturalistic Observation
752 - Two rights of participants are informed consent and confidentiality
TRUE
753 - Two types of monocular depth cue are:
Height in plane and occlusion
754 - Two types of Quasi-experiments.....
Only (A) & (B)
755 - Two years from today, when you are in college you will be preparing for finals. It's a stressful time and you and your dorm room floor mates are freaking out because you feel nervous. This stress triggers a memory from your high school psychology class an
continuing to study information even after you think you've learned it
756 - Two-point discrimination is assessed in the study of ____________________?
cutaneous sensitivity
757 - Tyler insists that his girlfriend's car accident was a result of her bad driving not the snowy conditions. This illustrates.....
Dispositional Attribution
758 - Type ..... (also known as the ..... personality) have a deep sense of commitment, feel that they are in control of their lives and what happens to them, and view problems as challenges to be met and answered.
H; Hardy
759 - Type ..... are not that competitive or driven, tend to be easygoing and slow to anger, and seem relaxed and at peace.
B
760 - Type ..... people are workaholics - they are very competitive, ambitious, hate to waste time, and are easily annoyed.
A
761 - Type ..... people tend to be very pleasant and try to keep the peace but find it difficult to express emotions, especially negative ones, and are often lonely.
C
762 - type of behavior modification in which desired behavior is rewarded with tokens that can be used to acquire items of value
token economy
763 - Type of intelligence required for everyday tasks.
Practical Intelligence
764 - Type of learning in which behaviors are emitted to earn rewards or avoid punishment
Operant conditioning
765 - Type of learning where one acquires new information by connecting events that happen in an order
Associative learning
766 - Type of neuron that carries messages from the brain/spinal cord to the body
Efferent/Motor
767 - Type of neuron that sends nerve impulses to muscles and gland, by the command of other neurons.
Motor Neurons
768 - Type of Observation when observer observes from a distance.
Non-Participant
769 - Type of observation where the person does not know they are being observed.
Covert
770 - Type of psychology that applies psychological knowledge to help solve problems
Practice
771 - type of study for Antonova
double blind
772 - type of study for Bennet & diamond
experimental
773 - type of study for eugene pauly
case study
774 - type of study for HM
case study
775 - type of study for Maguire
quasi single blind
776 - type of study for McGaugh & Cahill
repeated measures
777 - type of study for new comer
experimental
778 - Types include class conflict, race conflict, and gender conflict
conflict theory
779 - types of feedback.....
extrinsic and intrinsic
780 - Types of leaning except
Somatic learning
781 - Types of Life Skills
10
782 - Types of memory except
All thee above
783 - Typically obtain some gauge usually innumeric form
Psychological Testing
784 - Typically, ..... is provided before the study begins in the form of a signature on a detailed form explaining the study the participant will take part in.
informed consent
785 - Typically, a person with spatial neglect:
Ignores stimuli on the left-hand side of their body
786 - Tyrone and Coco have been happily married for 25 years. They have a warm and trusting affection for each other. Which social psychology concept applies to their relationship?
Companionate love
787 - Ulric Neisser was referred to as the "Father of ..... Psychology"?
Cognitive
788 - Unconditioned response is
stimulus that evokes an emotional or physiological response after conditioning
789 - Unconditioned stimulus is
stimulus that automatically produces an emotional or physiological response
790 - Unconscious encoding of incidental information.
automatic processing
791 - Unconscious encoding of information that occurs without interfering with our thinking about other things.
automatic processing
792 - unconscious forgetting of painful or unpleasant memories to protect ourselves
repression
793 - Unconscious mind key to understanding conscious thoughts/behavior
Psychoanalysis
794 - Unconscious mind refers to.....
the things people are not aware of
795 - Unconscious motivations influence our behavior.
Psychoanalytic Psychology
796 - Unconscious motives and internal conflicts determine our behavior.
Psychoanalysis
797 - Unconscious motives influence behavior.
PSYCHOANALIC PERSPECTIVE
798 - Uncontrollability: The ..... control a person has, the ..... the degree of stress.
Less; greater
799 - Under the scientific method, facts are based on what kind of data?
empirical
800 - Under this leadership members often feel engaged in the process and are more motivated and creative.
Democratic
801 - Under what circumstances can punishment be effective?
When it is strong and consistent
802 - Under what conditions can spontaneous recovery occur?
When the conditioned stimulus starts again
803 - Under which of the following reinforcement schedules is it most important for an organism to learn to estimate time accurately?
fixed interval
804 - Understand society as the product of everyday social interactions
symbolic interactionism
805 - Understanding childhood at anyhistorical period depends onwhat ..... think of children.
adults
806 - Understanding how neurotransmitters, chemicals, and other physiological components affect behavior is a key feature of ..... perspective.
Biological
807 - Understanding psychology can provide useful ..... into behavior.
insights
808 - Understanding rap lyrics illustrates the value of
acoustic encoding
809 - understanding the conscious experience through introspection
Structuralism
810 - understanding the mind as the sum of different underlying parts is the definition of
structuralism
811 - Understands different marketing strategies.....
Consumer Psychologist
812 - Unethical experiments on the 9 month old baby 'Little Albert' involving a white rat and a loud noise.
Watson & Rayner 1920
813 - unfair treatment of a person or group on the basis of prejudice
discrimination
814 - Unfounded opinions based on popular beliefs. Often called "urban legend."
psychobabble
815 - Unjustified or incorrect attitudes about someone based on a perceived social group.
Prejudice
816 - unpleasant mental experience of tension resulting from two conflicting thoughts or beliefs
cognitive dissonance
817 - Unstructured interview is .....
Every next questions is determined by the interviews previous answer.
818 - Until very recently, approximately 130 years ago, psychology was considered to be a branch of .....
Philosophy
819 - Unusual drinking and eating behaviors can be caused by damage to the
hypothalamus
820 - Unwanted events that when punishment is applied decrease the frequency of the behavior they follow.
punishment
821 - Upon encountering a barking Rottweiler on her way home from school, Katie noticed that her heart was racing. Which was most likely activated to cause this reaction?
sympathetic nervous system
822 - Upon entering a bathroom for the first time you will recognize it is a bathroom but noticing the color of the walls and the layout of the room requires
encoding
823 - Upper and outer part of the human brain; responsible for conscious and complex processes
Cortex
824 - Ursula Burns knows that she was the first African American female CEO in America because of her determination and her intelligence. What is this an example of? because of her determination and her intelligence. What is this an example of?
Internal Attribution
825 - Use interviews and tests to identify their clients' problems. Is more of a advisor than a psychologist.
Counseling Psychologist
826 - Used a calibrated pendulum to measure the speed of thought in 1862.
Wilhelm Wundt
827 - Used a line test with participants observing and proving group conformity and the dynamic invovled
Solomon Asch
828 - Used dolls to study children's attitude towards race. The findings were used in the Brown vs. Board trial.
Kenneth and Mamie Clark
829 - Used the term mental test in announcing the agenda for his test battery in the year 1890.
James Mckeen Cattell
830 - Uses positive and negative reinforcement to change behavior.
Behaviorism
831 - Using a "rule of thumb" to quickly solve a problem is using a
Heuristic
832 - Using a quantitative observational design a psychologist investigate the effects of sleep quality on decision making when driving using a simulator. Identify the pre-existing variable.
Sleep quality
833 - Using a(n) ..... is often as effective as taking medication because a person's expectations affect the results of a treatment.
placebo
834 - Using an experiment involving the Da Vinci window, Reith & Dominin (1997) demonstrated intellectual realism in children of what age?
9 and 11 year olds
835 - Using animals for research is often referred to as:
Animal modelling
836 - Using different words for two very similar objects enables people to recognize conceptual distinctions between the objects. This illustrates:
linguistic determinism.
837 - Using existing records to try to answer a research question is known as .....
archival research
838 - Using letters as grades (A, B, C, D, and F) to classify student's performance on a particular exam is an example of measurement on a(n) ..... scale of measurement.
Ordinal
839 - Using medical records to examine age differences in blood pressure is ..... research.
archival
840 - Using rewards to bribe people to engage in an activity they already enjoy is most likely to inhibit:
intrinsic motivation.
841 - Using role-play and plasticine applies to which of Piaget's stages?
Pre-operational
842 - Using the Atkinson Shriffin memory model, which process forms a LTM from STM
encoding
843 - Using the measures of central tendency is an example of ..... statistics.
descriptive
844 - Using the Scientific Method helps to reduce a preconceived opinion about something or someone, this is known as?
bias
845 - Using the the acronym Roy G. Biv to studying the colors of the rainbow. This is a good example of
mnemonic
846 - Using this approach a clinician tries hard to make the client feel loved, heard and respected.
Humanistic Approach
847 - Using this when you place participants in the control group and the experimental group minimizes preexisting idfferences between the two groups.
random assignment
848 - Using tug-of-war, scientists found that people use about 20% less effort when they are pulling with others than when they were pulling alone. What term best describes this finding?
Social Loafing
849 - Using two eyes for depth is called a
Binocular cue
850 - Usually only lasts about 2-5 % of sleep time. Beginning and only go through once.
Stage 1
851 - Valid consent means the participants knows.....
The true aim of the study
852 - Validity in research means that
the research study produced results that accurately measured the behavior or event that it claimed to measure
853 - Validity is.....
The ability to measure what the test was intended to measure
854 - Validity means that
a test measures what it is supposed to measure.
855 - Validity refers to
Accuracy
856 - Values like conformity and connection, and believing in the goals of the group are features of a ..... culture.
Collectivist
857 - Values like independence and uniqueness, and believing in one's personal goals are a feature of ..... culture
Individualist
858 - variability
a measure of difference, or spread of data
859 - Variable
Anything we can measure or control.
860 - Variables that could undermine the researcher's ability to draw causal inferences
confounding variables
861 - variables that may change the dv but aren't the dv
extraneous variables
862 - Variance in levels of pain tolerance is most directly influenced by endorphins and neurochemicals.
Neuroscience
863 - various sensory receptors sensitive to pressure, vibration, stretch, stroking, fluttering stimuli (touch)
Cutaneous
864 - Various sound wave frequencies and amplitudes together determine perception of complexity of sounds:
timbre
865 - Various ways of thinking about information and events
Cognition
866 - Vehicle, music, flora, and animals are examples of what
concepts
867 - Verbal behavior intended to hurt another person is an example of
aggression.
868 - Verbal tasks are controlled by the ..... hemisphere of the brain.
Left
869 - Verbal utterances of children in which words are left out, but the meaning is usually clear.
Telegraphic speech.
870 - Verification is the last step of problem solving that involves .....
trying out the chosen strategy to see if it works
871 - very brief memory storage immediately following initial stimulation of a receptor
sensory memory
872 - Very important in sustaining life.
medulla
873 - Very often other people's opinions of us are much more important than our bank balance.
perceptions
874 - Vibration is crucial to which sense?
hearing
875 - Vicente goes to a meeting in New Orleans and tries some oysters at the oyster bar. He likes the taste and eats quite a few. Soon he comes very ill with an upset stomach. Now, even the thought of oysters makes him nauseous. What is the unconditioned respon
Sick
876 - View that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
behaviorism
877 - viewing behavior as a result of nervous system functions and biology
neurobiological approach
878 - Viewing oneself in a positive light due to positive feedback received from interaction with others:
Positive Regard
879 - Views behavior as a result of nervous system functions and chemical changes in the body
Biophysiological
880 - Vigorous exercise can improve mental function.
Correct
881 - Virginia Woolf grew up in an upper-middle class family and became a successful published author. However, she did not feel that she was a success and walked into a lake, drowning herself. What level of needs was she missing?
Esteem
882 - Visual and auditory memories are part of
sensory memory.
883 - visual and auditory memory are part of:
sensory memory
884 - Visual illusions lend support to which theory?
Gregory's constructivist theory
885 - Visual images are placed in ..... memory.
Working memory
886 - Visual Perception
our eyes and brain working together to determine what we see
887 - visual sensation that occurs after the original stimulus has been removed
afterimage
888 - Visual sensory memory is known as
Iconic
889 - Visual sensory memory is referred to as
iconic memory
890 - Vocal sounds that are not included in one's native language first begin to disappear from usage during the ..... stage of language development.
babbling
891 - Vocalization begins between
3-6 months
892 - Voluntary movements are controlled by the
somatic nervous system.
893 - Voluntary movements, such as raising your hand, are controlled by the
Somatic NS
894 - Voluntary or involuntary behavior? Reading Introduction to Psychology book
Voluntary
895 - Vygotsky believed that children develop cognitively when someone else helps them by asking leading questions and providing examples of concepts in a process called .....
Scaffolding
896 - Vygotsky called the space between what a child could learn with and without help the
zone of proximal development
897 - Vygotsky defined which three types of language?
All of the above
898 - Vygotsky is best known for his concept of ________________?
zone of proximal development
899 - Vygotsky proposed that each developing child has a ....., which is the difference between what a child can do alone, versus what a child can do with the help of a teacher.
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
900 - Vygotsky was the author of the book:
Thinking and speech
901 - Vygotsky's term for the skills - cognitive as well as physical - that a person can exercise only with assistance, not yet independently.
zone of proximal development
902 - Waht is transduction?
The sensory receptors change the stimulus input to signals that the brain can understand.
903 - Walking is an example of a
voluntary movement.
904 - Walking, dancing, and tapping your toes are examples of things that use which part of the nervous system?
Somatic
905 - Walter Cannon is associated with
Fight or Flight
906 - Wanting to be the best at something is a ..... motivator
Intrinsic
907 - Was famous for the Little Albert Experiment
J.B Watson
908 - Was taking part in the search for happiness enjoyable for governments?
Yes, the participants found it interesting to take part in the search
909 - Watching & seeing shooting stars on a dark night.
Variable interval
910 - Watching wild lions with a hidden camera would be an example of .....
naturalistic observation
911 - Watson and Skinner both contributed to which school of psychology?
behaviourism
912 - Watson argued that all behavior is composed of reflexive responses to stimuli, but Skinner later argued that behavior is determined ____________?
consequences of responses
913 - Watson believed that
both of the above
914 - Watson believed that phobias are
learned
915 - Watson, Skinner and Pavlov studied this type of psychology.....
Behavioral
916 - Wavelength is to ..... as ..... is to brightness.
Hue; intensity
917 - Way in which each step of a sequence must be learned and must lead to the next until the final action is achieved.
chaining
918 - Way in which words are arranged to make phrases and sentences
syntax
919 - Ways people learn based on their observation of others
Social Cognitive Theory
920 - We acquire knowledge and skills by observing and imitating others.
observational leaning
921 - We are able to understand whether our SAT score is high, low, or average because the test has been pre-tested giving the same timing, concepts tested, and instructions. It said to be
standardized
922 - We are bombarded with many stimuli all the time. Which of the following concepts would you use to explain to someone why we consciously perceive only a few of these stimuli?
Selective attention
923 - We are more likely to remember the words "typewriter, cigarette and fire" than the words "void, process and inherent" because the first three words are more likely to be _________________ encoded?
visually
924 - We calculate Pearson's Correlation Coefficient to
Only (A) & (B)
925 - We can detect .....with our tongue
Flavour
926 - We can develop a love , fear and hatred towards an object accordingly conditioning theory?
Yes
927 - We can have a postive impact on students who have experienced ACEs by.....
All of the above
928 - We can more easily remember bits of information by organizing them into mental representations of the world called
schemas
929 - We can study people's mental processes by observing their.....
Behaviour
930 - We have all had the experience of the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon. We are asked to remember someone's name. We are certain that we know the name and feel as if we are just about to remember it, yet it remains elusive. What type of forgetting might be at
retrieval failure
931 - We have more difficulty remembering rhyming lists due to ..... similarity
phonological
932 - we have seen in the book that self regulation has been assessed by researchers using
a marshmallow test
933 - We more quickly recognize that a blue jay is a bird than that a penguin is a bird because a blue jay more closely resembles our ..... of a bird.
prototype
934 - We often think attractive people are also smart and kind. This is an example of
halo effect
935 - We only use 10% of our brain.
Incorrect
936 - We rely on binocular vision to
perceive depth
937 - We spend ..... of our lives sleeping.
44564
938 - We tend to believe that our opinions and preferences are objectively true (not just opinions, but actually facts)
naive realism
939 - we tend to perceive stimuli as complete figures with consistent overall form
closure
940 - We use a bar graph when we want to show a variable on the x-axis that is continuous.
FALSE
941 - We want to co-construct a secure attachment with our children, so that.....:
All of the above
942 - We, like spider man, when we do good, we feel:
good
943 - Weakening of information stored in long term memory, due to disuse
Decay
944 - Wealth
Blue, purple, red
945 - wearable
suitable for wear or able to be worn
946 - 'Wearing the colour yellow increases children's levels of happiness'. The independent variable in this scenario is:
Wearing yellow
947 - 'Wearing the colour yellow increases children's levels of happiness'. The population in this scenario is:
Children
948 - Weber’s law refers to ________________?
stimulus thresholds
949 - Weber's law is relevant to an understanding of
difference thresholds.
950 - Weber's Law states that:
The JND for any stimulus is a constant ratio
951 - Wechsler set the mean of the scores equal to an IQ of
100
952 - WEIRD stands for?
Western, Educated, Industrialised, Religious and Democratic
953 - Well-established maladaptive ways of behaving; negatively affects people's ability to function
Personality Disorder
954 - We're Japanese. We're from .....
Japan
955 - Wernicke's area is located in the left temporal lobe. It is responsible for:
storing receptor codes that interpret the meaning of language and for creating grammatically correct speech.
956 - Wernicke's area is located in the:
temporal lobe
957 - Western cultures are more?
Individualistic
958 - What a hypothesis?
an educated guess about what will happen in the experiment.
959 - What action is necessary to transfer information from the short-term memory to the long-term memory?
Rehearsal
960 - What advice would Dweck give school teachers?
Praise for effort, not achievement
961 - What advice would Piaget give school teachers?
Only teach children skills that they are ready to learn
962 - What advice would Willingham give school teachers?
Teach for meaning
963 - What age group of people are more susceptible to develop mental health difficulties?
16-24yrs
964 - What analysis focuses on the whole person instead of the individual parts?
Gestalt
965 - What animal was first used to test operant conditioning (B.F. Skinner)?
Rat
966 - What applies to Content Analysis?
Only (A) & (B)
967 - What applies to Free Will?
Only (A) & (B)
968 - What approach did E B Titchener study?
Structuralism
969 - What approach focuses on childhood memories and events of the unconscious mind?
Psychoanalitic
970 - What approach focuses on how childhood memories and events and the unconscious mind that affects behavior?
Psychoanalitic
971 - What approach of psychology best fits the studies of the expression of emotions in different ethnic groups
Sociocultural
972 - What approach of psychology best fits:"everyone is born good"
Humanistic
973 - What approach of psychology best fits:"growth and potential"
Humanistic
974 - What approach of psychology best fits:"learning"
Behavioural
975 - What approach of psychology best fits:"thinking"
Cognitive
976 - What are Afferent nerves?
They carry information to the brain and spinal cord.
977 - What are biological causes of forgetting?
All of the above
978 - What are central tendencies?
What is normal
979 - What are CT scans?
X-Ray Photographs
980 - What are Descriptive Decision Theories?
attempts to predict how people actually make choice s, not to define ideal choice s
981 - What are different "halves" of your brain called?
hemispheres
982 - What are efferent nerves
Carry information out of the brain and spinal cord.
983 - what are Eugenics?
The practice of selective breeding to promote desired traits.
984 - What are examples of cognitive performance? (select 2)
Only (A) & (B)
985 - What are examples of mental processes?
All of them
986 - What are experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which is assumed to be an active agent?
Placebo Effect
987 - What are extraneous variables?
Extraneous variables are all variables, which are not the independent variable, but could affect the results of the experiment.
988 - What are false beliefs about exaggerated importance called?
delusions of grandeur
989 - What are Heuristics?
shortcuts (informal guidelines or rules of thumb) used to reduce the amount of thinking that is needed to make decisions
990 - what are Individual differences?
Ways in which people differ in terms of their behavior, emotion, cognition, and development.
991 - What are IQ tests useful for?
predicting academic performance
992 - What are mirror neurons?
Are active while we enact a behavior and when we passively observe a person performing that behavior
993 - What are neurotransmitters?
Chemical messengers that communicate between neurons
994 - What are Normative Decision Theories?
attempts to define how people should make decisions
995 - What are papillae?
Structures of the tongue that contain groupings of taste buds.
996 - What are participants promised so that they feel comfortable answering questions honestly?
Confidentiality
997 - What are problems of arrangement?
You must try to arrange various parts of a problem or items to come up with a solution
998 - What are problems of inducing structure?
Involves relationship between the numbers, words or concepts in the problem
999 - What are problems of transformation?
You are told the goal and have to do a series of transformations to solve the problem
1000 - What are psychological principles?
explanations about why people behave as they do
Pages
No comments:
Post a Comment
Your Valued Comments Help us to improve our site. Thanks